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Catalysis, particularly heterogeneous catalysis, is crucial in the chemical industry and energy storage. Approximately 80% of all chemical products produced by heterogeneous catalysis are produced by solid catalysts, which are essential for…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-25 Lukas Fuchs , Kerstin Wein , Jens Friedland , Orkun Furat , Robert Güttel , Volker Schmidt

Networks of solution-processed nanomaterials are important for multiple applications in electronics, sensing and energy storage/generation. While it is known that network morphology plays a dominant role in determining the physical…

FIB/SEM tomography represents an indispensable tool for the characterization of three-dimensional nanostructures in battery research and many other fields. However, contrast and 3D classification/reconstruction problems occur in many cases,…

While it is widely accepted that the steel-concrete interface (SCI) plays an important role in governing the long-term durability of reinforced concrete structures, understanding about the primary features of the SCI that influence…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-09 Nicolas Ruffray , Ueli M. Angst , Thilo Schmid , Zhidong Zhang , O. Burkan Isgor

A data-driven modeling approach is presented to quantify the influence of morphology on effective properties in nanostructured sodium vanadium phosphate $\mathrm{Na}_3\mathrm{V}_2(\mathrm{PO}_4)_3$/ carbon composites (NVP/C), which are used…

The retrieval of the 3D pose and shape of objects from images is an ill-posed problem. A common way to object reconstruction is to match entities such as keypoints, edges, or contours of a deformable 3D model, used as shape prior, to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Max Coenen , Franz Rottensteiner

The evaluation of synthetic micro-structure images is an emerging problem as machine learning and materials science research have evolved together. Typical state of the art methods in evaluating synthetic images from generative models have…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-11-18 Devesh Shah , Anirudh Suresh , Alemayehu Admasu , Devesh Upadhyay , Kalyanmoy Deb

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is pivotal in revealing intricate micro- and nanoscale features across various research fields. However, obtaining high-resolution SEM images presents challenges, including prolonged scanning durations and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Tom Reclik , Setareh Medghalchi , Philipp Schumacher , Maximilian Wollenweber , Talal Al-Samman , Sandra Korte-Kerzel , Ulrich Kerzel

Constructing of molecular structural models from Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) density volumes is the critical last step of structure determination by Cryo-EM technologies. Methods have evolved from manual construction by structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Kui Xu , Zhe Wang , Jiangping Shi , Hongsheng Li , Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang

Aberration-corrected scanning electron microscopy (AC-STEM) can provide valuable information on the atomic structure of nanoclusters, an essential input for gaining an understanding of their physical and chemical properties. A systematic…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-05-11 Kusse S. Bersha , Alejandro Peña-Torres , Hannes Jónsson

Carbon fiber and graphene-based nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and defective structures have extraordinary potential as strong and lightweight materials. A longstanding bottleneck has been lack of understanding and…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-26 Qi Zhao , Jordan J. Winetrout , Yanxun Xu , Yusu Wang , Hendrik Heinz

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopes (STEMs) acquire 2D images of a 3D sample on the scale of individual cell components. Unfortunately, these 2D images can be too noisy to be fused into a useful 3D structure and facilitating good…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 Hannah Kniesel , Timo Ropinski , Tim Bergner , Kavitha Shaga Devan , Clarissa Read , Paul Walther , Tobias Ritschel , Pedro Hermosilla

Discovering the 3D atomic structure of molecules such as proteins and viruses is a fundamental research problem in biology and medicine. Electron Cryomicroscopy (Cryo-EM) is a promising vision-based technique for structure estimation which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Marcus A. Brubaker , Ali Punjani , David J. Fleet

In inertial confinement fusion (ICF), X-ray radiography is a critical diagnostic for measuring implosion dynamics, which contains rich 3D information. Traditional methods for reconstructing 3D volumes from 2D radiographs, such as filtered…

Insight in the structure of nanoparticle assemblies up to a single particle level is key to understand the collective properties of these assemblies, which critically depend on the individual particle positions and orientations. However,…

Recent developments in deep learning-based methods demonstrated its potential to predict the 3D protein structures using inputs such as protein sequences, Cryo-Electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) images of proteins, etc. However, these methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Jaydeep Rade , Soumik Sarkar , Anwesha Sarkar , Adarsh Krishnamurthy

Over the last two decades, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) has become one of the most important ways to investigate the structure of crystal surfaces. STM has helped achieve remarkable successes in surface science such as finding the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Cristian V. Ciobanu , Cristian Predescu

The nanoparticle size and distribution information in the SEM images of silicon crystals are generally counted by manual methods. The realization of automatic machine recognition is significant in materials science. This paper proposed a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Ruiling Xiao , Jiayang Niu

Sketch-based modeling strives to bring the ease and immediacy of drawing to the 3D world. However, while drawings are easy for humans to create, they are very challenging for computers to interpret due to their sparsity and ambiguity. We…

Graphics · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Johanna Delanoy , Mathieu Aubry , Phillip Isola , Alexei A. Efros , Adrien Bousseau

We reconstruct a 3D model of the surface of a material undergoing fatigue testing and experiencing cracking. Specifically we reconstruct the surface depth (out of plane intrusions and extrusions) and lateral (in-plane) motion from multiple…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Khalid El-Awady