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Multimodal Transformers serve as the backbone for state-of-the-art vision-language models, yet their quadratic attention complexity remains a critical barrier to scalability. In this work, we investigate the viability of Linear Attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Armin Gerami , Seyedehanita Madani , Ramani Duraiswami

Large Language Models (LLMs) encounter significant performance bottlenecks in long-sequence tasks due to the computational complexity and memory overhead inherent in the self-attention mechanism. To address these challenges, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ziming Wang , Xiang Wang , Kailong Peng , Lang Qin , Juan Gabriel Kostelec , Christos Sourmpis , Axel Laborieux , Qinghai Guo

Hybrid models that combine state space models (SSMs) with attention mechanisms have shown strong performance by leveraging the efficiency of SSMs and the high recall ability of attention. However, the architectural design choices behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Hyunji Lee , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Jiyeon Kim , Dong Yu , Minjoon Seo

Large language models (LLMs) now support context windows of hundreds of thousands to millions of tokens, enabling applications such as long-document summarization, large-scale code synthesis, multi-document question answering and persistent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Siyuan Yan , Guo-Qing Jiang , Yuchen Zhang , Xiaoxing Ma , Ran Zhu , Chun Cao , Jingwei Xu

Transformers have emerged as the architecture of choice for many state-of-the-art AI models, showcasing exceptional performance across a wide range of AI applications. However, the memory demands imposed by Transformers limit their ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Hao Liu , Matei Zaharia , Pieter Abbeel

Transformer architectures deliver state-of-the-art accuracy via dense full-attention, but their quadratic time and memory complexity with respect to sequence length limits practical deployment. Linear attention mechanisms offer linear or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiaojie Xia , Huigang Zhang , Chaoliang Zhong , Jun Sun , Yusuke Oishi

Autoregressive (AR) video diffusion is a powerful paradigm for streaming and interactive video generation. However, its reliance on softmax self-attention leads to quadratic compute complexity in sequence length and memory usage due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kunyang Li , Mubarak Shah , Yuzhang Shang

Modern large language models increasingly require long contexts for reasoning and multi-document tasks, but attention's quadratic complexity creates a severe computational bottleneck. We present Block-Sparse FlashAttention (BSFA), a drop-in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Daniel Ohayon , Itay Lamprecht , Itay Hubara , Israel Cohen , Daniel Soudry , Noam Elata

Training and serving long-context large language models (LLMs) incurs substantial overhead. To address this, two critical steps are often required: a pretrained LLM typically undergoes a separate stage for context length extension by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Suyu Ge , Xihui Lin , Yunan Zhang , Jiawei Han , Hao Peng

Scaling language models to handle longer contexts introduces substantial memory challenges due to the growing cost of key-value (KV) caches. Motivated by the efficiency gains of hybrid models and the broad availability of pretrained large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xuan Zhang , Fengzhuo Zhang , Cunxiao Du , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Wei Gao , Min Lin

Long-term memory is a cornerstone of human intelligence. Enabling AI to process lifetime-scale information remains a long-standing pursuit in the field. Due to the constraints of full-attention architectures, the effective context length of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yu Chen , Runkai Chen , Sheng Yi , Xinda Zhao , Xiaohong Li , Jianjin Zhang , Jun Sun , Chuanrui Hu , Yunyun Han , Lidong Bing , Yafeng Deng , Tianqiao Chen

Scaling Transformers to ultra-long contexts is bottlenecked by the $O(n^2 d)$ cost of self-attention. Existing methods reduce this cost along the sequence axis through local windows, kernel approximations, or token-level sparsity, but these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yan Xie , Tiansheng Wen , Tangda Huang , Bo Chen , Chenyu You , Stefanie Jegelka , Yifei Wang

The quadratic cost of attention limits the scalability of long-context LLMs, especially under limited hardware memory budgets. While attention is often sparse, existing static sparse methods cannot adapt to task- or input-dependent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Siheng Xiong , Joe Zou , Faramarz Fekri , Yae Jee Cho

Hybrid Transformer architectures, which combine softmax attention blocks and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), have shown a desirable performance-throughput tradeoff for long-context modeling, but their adoption and studies are hindered by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yingfa Chen , Zhen Leng Thai , Zihan Zhou , Zhu Zhang , Xingyu Shen , Shuo Wang , Chaojun Xiao , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu

In video and image generation tasks, Diffusion Transformer (DiT) models incur extremely high computational costs due to attention mechanisms, which limits their practical applications. Furthermore, with hardware advancements, a wide range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Aiyue Chen , Yaofu Liu , Junjian Huang , Guang Lian , Yiwu Yao , Wangli Lan , Jing Lin , Zhixin Ma , Tingting Zhou

To accomplish the punctuation restoration task, most existing approaches focused on leveraging extra information (e.g., part-of-speech tags) or addressing the class imbalance problem. Recent works have widely applied the transformer-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Yangjun Wu , Kebin Fang , Yao Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in a wide range of natural language processing applications. However, the high energy and latency overhead induced by the KV cache limits the edge deployment, especially…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zizhuo Fu , Xiaotian Guo , Wenxuan Zeng , Shuzhang Zhong , Yadong Zhang , Peiyu Chen , Runsheng Wang , Le Ye , Meng Li

We present MiMo-V2-Flash, a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) model with 309B total parameters and 15B active parameters, designed for fast, strong reasoning and agentic capabilities. MiMo-V2-Flash adopts a hybrid attention architecture that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Core Team , Bangjun Xiao , Bingquan Xia , Bo Yang , Bofei Gao , Bowen Shen , Chen Zhang , Chenhong He , Chiheng Lou , Fuli Luo , Gang Wang , Gang Xie , Hailin Zhang , Hanglong Lv , Hanyu Li , Heyu Chen , Hongshen Xu , Houbin Zhang , Huaqiu Liu , Jiangshan Duo , Jianyu Wei , Jiebao Xiao , Jinhao Dong , Jun Shi , Junhao Hu , Kainan Bao , Kang Zhou , Lei Li , Liang Zhao , Linghao Zhang , Peidian Li , Qianli Chen , Shaohui Liu , Shihua Yu , Shijie Cao , Shimao Chen , Shouqiu Yu , Shuo Liu , Tianling Zhou , Weijiang Su , Weikun Wang , Wenhan Ma , Xiangwei Deng , Bohan Mao , Bowen Ye , Can Cai , Chenghua Wang , Chengxuan Zhu , Chong Ma , Chun Chen , Chunan Li , Dawei Zhu , Deshan Xiao , Dong Zhang , Duo Zhang , Fangyue Liu , Feiyu Yang , Fengyuan Shi , Guoan Wang , Hao Tian , Hao Wu , Heng Qu , Hongfei Yi , Hongxu An , Hongyi Guan , Xing Zhang , Yifan Song , Yihan Yan , Yihao Zhao , Yingchun Lai , Yizhao Gao , Yu Cheng , Yuanyuan Tian , Yudong Wang , Zhen Tang , Zhengju Tang , Zhengtao Wen , Zhichao Song , Zhixian Zheng , Zihan Jiang , Jian Wen , Jiarui Sun , Jiawei Li , Jinlong Xue , Jun Xia , Kai Fang , Menghang Zhu , Nuo Chen , Qian Tu , Qihao Zhang , Qiying Wang , Rang Li , Rui Ma , Shaolei Zhang , Shengfan Wang , Shicheng Li , Shuhao Gu , Shuhuai Ren , Sirui Deng , Tao Guo , Tianyang Lu , Weiji Zhuang , Weikang Zhang , Weimin Xiong , Wenshan Huang , Wenyu Yang , Xin Zhang , Xing Yong , Xu Wang , Xueyang Xie , Yilin Jiang , Yixin Yang , Yongzhe He , Yu Tu , Yuanliang Dong , Yuchen Liu , Yue Ma , Yue Yu , Yuxing Xiang , Zhaojun Huang , Zhenru Lin , Zhipeng Xu , Zhiyang Chen , Zhonghua Deng , Zihan Zhang , Zihao Yue

Transformers have achieved success in both language and vision domains. However, it is prohibitively expensive to scale them to long sequences such as long documents or high-resolution images, because self-attention mechanism has quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Chen Zhu , Wei Ping , Chaowei Xiao , Mohammad Shoeybi , Tom Goldstein , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Attention serves as the fundamental mechanism for long-context modeling in large language models (LLMs), yet dense attention becomes structurally prohibitive for long sequences due to its quadratic complexity. Consequently, sparse attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Junxiang Qiu , Shuo Wang , Zhengsu Chen , Hengheng Zhang , Jinda Lu , Changcheng Li , Qi Tian