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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, reasoning, and generation. However, these systems remain susceptible to malicious prompts that induce unsafe or policy-violating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shayan Ali Hassan , Tao Ni , Zafar Ayyub Qazi , Marco Canini

Agricultural image semantic segmentation is a pivotal component of modern agriculture, facilitating accurate visual data analysis to improve crop management, optimize resource utilization, and boost overall productivity. This study proposes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Chee Mei Ling , Thangarajah Akilan , Aparna Ravinda Phalke

The outbreaks of algal blooms occur in both shallow and deep-water bodies. To compare the characteristics of algal blooms in the shallow and deep water, we consider the Arabian Gulf and Sea of Oman as a case study. While the Arabian Gulf is…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-17 Maryam R. Al Shehhi , David Nelson , Rashid R Alkhori , Rashid Alshihi , Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani

Robust and effective fruit detection and localization is essential for robotic harvesting systems. While extensive research efforts have been devoted to improving fruit detection, less emphasis has been placed on the fruit localization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Kaixiang Zhang , Pengyu Chu , Kyle Lammers , Zhaojian Li , Renfu Lu

LiDAR-based semantic segmentation plays a vital role in autonomous driving by enabling detailed understanding of 3D environments. However, annotating LiDAR point clouds is extremely costly and requires assigning semantic labels to millions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ruiyu Mao , Sarthak Kumar Maharana , Xulong Tang , Yunhui Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable breakthroughs in reasoning, yet continue to struggle with hallucinations, logical errors, and inability to self-correct during complex multi-step tasks. Current approaches like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Lingrui Mei , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Baolong Bi , Yuyao Ge , Jun Wan , Yurong Wu , Xueqi Cheng

The recent Segment Anything Model (SAM) demonstrates strong instance segmentation performance across various downstream tasks. However, SAM is trained solely on RGB data, limiting its direct applicability to RGB-thermal (RGB-T) semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dong Xing , Xianxun Zhu , Wei Zhou , Qika Lin , Hang Yang , Yuqing Wang

Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality worldwide, whose accurate blood vessel segmentation is significant for both scientific research and clinical usage. However, segmenting cardio-cerebrovascular structures…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-03 Nazik Elsayed , Yousuf Babiker M. Osman , Cheng Li , Jiong Zhang , Shanshan Wang

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has revolutionized interactive segmentation through spatial prompting. While existing work primarily focuses on automating prompts in various settings, real-world annotation workflows involve iterative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Prithwijit Chowdhury , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

Remote sensing imagery has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its instrumental role in global environmental monitoring, land usage monitoring, and more. As image databases grow each year, performing automatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jielu Zhang , Zhongliang Zhou , Gengchen Mai , Mengxuan Hu , Zihan Guan , Sheng Li , Lan Mu

Aphid infestations can cause extensive damage to wheat and sorghum fields and spread plant viruses, resulting in significant yield losses in agriculture. To address this issue, farmers often rely on chemical pesticides, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Raiyan Rahman , Christopher Indris , Tianxiao Zhang , Kaidong Li , Brian McCornack , Daniel Flippo , Ajay Sharda , Guanghui Wang

Ship detection in remote sensing imagery is a critical task with wide-ranging applications, such as maritime activity monitoring, shipping logistics, and environmental studies. However, existing methods often struggle to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Jiahao Li , Jiancheng Pan , Yuze Sun , Xiaomeng Huang

Rain severely hampers the visibility of scene objects when images are captured through glass in heavily rainy days. We observe three intriguing phenomenons that, 1) rain is a mixture of raindrops, rain streaks and rainy haze; 2) the depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Yiyang Shen , Yidan Feng , Sen Deng , Dong Liang , Jing Qin , Haoran Xie , Mingqiang Wei

In this work we address the task of semantic image segmentation with Deep Learning and make three main contributions that are experimentally shown to have substantial practical merit. First, we highlight convolution with upsampled filters,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Liang-Chieh Chen , George Papandreou , Iasonas Kokkinos , Kevin Murphy , Alan L. Yuille

Shallow water and coastal aquatic ecosystems such as coral reefs and seagrass meadows play a critical role in regulating and understanding Earth's changing climate and biodiversity. They also play an important role in protecting towns and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-17 Greg Sabella

Greenhouse agriculture in the Mediterranean region faces significant automation challenges due to its unique structural and environmental constraints. These environments are characterized by extremely narrow aisles, heterogeneous terrains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Fernando Cañadas-Aránega , José C. Moreno , José L. Blanco-Claraco

We investigate the clustering of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at $z\sim4$. Using the hierarchical galaxy formation model GALFORM, we predict, for the first time using a semi-analytical model with feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN),…

We present the DeepGlobe 2018 Satellite Image Understanding Challenge, which includes three public competitions for segmentation, detection, and classification tasks on satellite images. Similar to other challenges in computer vision domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Ilke Demir , Krzysztof Koperski , David Lindenbaum , Guan Pang , Jing Huang , Saikat Basu , Forest Hughes , Devis Tuia , Ramesh Raskar

Very high-resolution (VHR) satellite imagery has emerged as a powerful tool for monitoring marine animals on a large scale. However, existing deep learning-based whale detection methods usually require manually created, high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yijie Zheng , Jinxuan Yang , Yu Chen , Yaxuan Wang , Yihang Lu , Guoqing Li

Semantic segmentation for aerial imagery is a challenging and important problem in remotely sensed imagery analysis. In recent years, with the success of deep learning, various convolutional neural network (CNN) based models have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Panfeng Li , Youzuo Lin , Emily Schultz-Fellenz