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Foundation models (FMs) such as CLIP and SAM have recently shown great promise in image segmentation tasks, yet their adaptation to 3D medical imaging-particularly for pathology detection and segmentation-remains underexplored. A critical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-28 Sirui Li , Linkai Peng , Zheyuan Zhang , Gorkem Durak , Ulas Bagci

Foundational models such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) are gaining traction in medical imaging segmentation, supporting multiple downstream tasks. However, such models are supervised in nature, still relying on large annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Aishik Konwer , Zhijian Yang , Erhan Bas , Cao Xiao , Prateek Prasanna , Parminder Bhatia , Taha Kass-Hout

On top of Segment Anything Model (SAM), SAM 2 further extends its capability from image to video inputs through a memory bank mechanism and obtains a remarkable performance compared with previous methods, making it a foundation model for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Chong Zhou , Chenchen Zhu , Yunyang Xiong , Saksham Suri , Fanyi Xiao , Lemeng Wu , Raghuraman Krishnamoorthi , Bo Dai , Chen Change Loy , Vikas Chandra , Bilge Soran

Pancreatic cancer carries a poor prognosis and relies on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for targeted biopsy and radiotherapy. However, the speckle noise, low contrast, and unintuitive appearance of EUS make segmentation of pancreatic tumors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Pascal Spiegler , Taha Koleilat , Arash Harirpoush , Corey S. Miller , Hassan Rivaz , Marta Kersten-Oertel , Yiming Xiao

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently emerged as a groundbreaking foundation model for prompt-driven image segmentation tasks. However, both the original SAM and its medical variants require slice-by-slice manual prompting of target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yichi Zhang , Shiyao Hu , Sijie Ren , Chen Jiang , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

Segment anything model (SAM) addresses two practical yet challenging segmentation tasks: \textbf{segment anything (SegAny)}, which utilizes a certain point to predict the mask for a single object of interest, and \textbf{segment everything…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Chaoning Zhang , Dongshen Han , Sheng Zheng , Jinwoo Choi , Tae-Ho Kim , Choong Seon Hong

We propose MAE-SAM2, a novel foundation model for retinal vascular leakage segmentation on fluorescein angiography images. Due to the small size and dense distribution of the leakage areas, along with the limited availability of labeled…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-09 Xin Xing , Irmak Karaca , Amir Akhavanrezayat , Samira Badrloo , Quan Dong Nguyen , Mahadevan Subramaniam

Abdominal organ and tumour segmentation has many important clinical applications, such as organ quantification, surgical planning, and disease diagnosis. However, manual assessment is inherently subjective with considerable inter- and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-17 Wentao Liu , Tong Tian , Weijin Xu , Lemeng Wang , Haoyuan Li , Huihua Yang

With the emergence of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) as a foundational model for image segmentation, its application has been extensively studied across various domains, including the medical field. However, its potential in the context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 SeungKyu Kim , Hyun-Jic Oh , Seonghui Min , Won-Ki Jeong

Purpose: To evaluate various Segmental Anything Model (SAM) prompt strategies across four lesions datasets and to subsequently develop a reinforcement learning (RL) agent to optimize SAM prompt placement. Materials and Methods: This…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Yuli Wang , Victoria Shi , Wen-Chi Hsu , Yuwei Dai , Sophie Yao , Zhusi Zhong , Zishu Zhang , Jing Wu , Aaron Maxwell , Scott Collins , Zhicheng Jiao , Harrison X. Bai

Accurate tumor segmentation and classification in breast ultrasound (BUS) imaging remain challenging due to low contrast, speckle noise, and diverse lesion morphology. This study presents a multi-task deep learning framework that jointly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Samuel E. Johnny , Bernes L. Atabonfack , Israel Alagbe , Assane Gueye

In medical image segmentation, heterogeneous privacy policies across institutions often make joint training on pooled datasets infeasible, motivating continual image segmentation-learning from data streams without catastrophic forgetting.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jiayi Wang , Wei Dai , Haoyu Wang , Sihan Yang , Haixia Bi , Jian Sun

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has garnered significant attention for its versatile segmentation abilities and intuitive prompt-based interface. However, its application in medical imaging presents challenges, requiring either substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Zhiheng Cheng , Qingyue Wei , Hongru Zhu , Yan Wang , Liangqiong Qu , Wei Shao , Yuyin Zhou

Despite that the segment anything model (SAM) achieved impressive results on general-purpose semantic segmentation with strong generalization ability on daily images, its demonstrated performance on medical image segmentation is less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shizhan Gong , Yuan Zhong , Wenao Ma , Jinpeng Li , Zhao Wang , Jingyang Zhang , Pheng-Ann Heng , Qi Dou

Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM 2) has emerged as a powerful tool for video object segmentation and tracking anything. Key components of SAM 2 that drive the impressive video object segmentation performance include a large multistage image…

The Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) demonstrates remarkable universal segmentation capabilities on natural images. However, its performance on ultrasound images is significantly degraded due to domain disparities. This limitation raises two…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Yue Li , Qing Xu , Yixuan Zhang , Xiangjian He , Qian Zhang , Yuan Yao , Fiseha B. Tesem , Xin Chen , Ruili Wang , Zhen Chen , Chang Wen Chen

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals generally exhibit low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and high inter-subject variability, making generalization across subjects and domains challenging. Recent advances in deep learning, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jiazhen Hong , Geoffrey Mackellar , Soheila Ghane

We present Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM 2), a foundation model towards solving promptable visual segmentation in images and videos. We build a data engine, which improves model and data via user interaction, to collect the largest video…

Medical image segmentation is a key task in the imaging workflow, influencing many image-based decisions. Traditional, fully-supervised segmentation models rely on large amounts of labeled training data, typically obtained through manual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Tyler Ward , Meredith K. Owen , O'Kira Coleman , Brian Noehren , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran

Accurate segmentation of 3D medical images such as MRI and CT is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Foundation models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) provide powerful general-purpose representations but struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Mohammadreza Gholipour Shahraki , Mehdi Rezaeian , Mohammad Ghasemzadeh