English
Related papers

Related papers: TraceCoder: Towards Traceable ICD Coding via Multi…

200 papers

Automatic ICD coding is the task of assigning codes from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) to medical notes. These codes describe the state of the patient and have multiple applications, e.g., computer-assisted diagnosis or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Damian Pascual , Sandro Luck , Roger Wattenhofer

Medical coding, the translation of unstructured clinical text into standardized medical codes, is a crucial but time-consuming healthcare practice. Though large language models (LLM) could automate the coding process and improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 John Wu , David Wu , Jimeng Sun

Automatic International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding aims to assign multiple ICD codes to a medical note with average length of 3,000+ tokens. This task is challenging due to a high-dimensional space of multi-label assignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zhichao Yang , Shufan Wang , Bhanu Pratap Singh Rawat , Avijit Mitra , Hong Yu

ICD(International Classification of Diseases) coding involves assigning ICD codes to patients visit based on their medical notes. Considering ICD coding as a multi-label text classification task, researchers have developed sophisticated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Bin Zhang , Junli Wang

Medical coding is essential for standardizing clinical data and communication but is often time-consuming and prone to errors. Traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods struggle with automating coding due to the large label…

Mapping clinical documents to standardised clinical vocabularies is an important task, as it provides structured data for information retrieval and analysis, which is essential to clinical research, hospital administration and improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Mingyang Li , Viktor Schlegel , Tingting Mu , Warren Del-Pinto , Goran Nenadic

Accurate International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding is critical for clinical documentation, billing, and healthcare analytics, yet it remains a labour-intensive and error-prone task. Although large language models (LLMs) show…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Hong-Jie Dai , Zheng-Hao Li , An-Tai Lu , Bo-Tsz Shain , Ming-Ta Li , Tatheer Hussain Mir , Kuang-Te Wang , Min-I Su , Pei-Kang Liu , Ming-Ju Tsai

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding assigns diagnosis codes to clinical documents and is essential for healthcare billing and clinical analysis. Reliable coding requires that each predicted code be supported by explicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xu Zhang , Wenxin Ma , Chenxu Wu , Rongsheng Wang , Zhiyang He , Xiaodong Tao , Kun Zhang , S. Kevin Zhou

Codification of free-text clinical narratives have long been recognised to be beneficial for secondary uses such as funding, insurance claim processing and research. The current scenario of assigning codes is a manual process which is very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Rajvir Kaur , Jeewani Anupama Ginige , Oliver Obst

Automatic International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding is defined as a kind of text multi-label classification problem, which is difficult because the number of labels is very large and the distribution of labels is unbalanced. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Yifan Wu , Min Zeng , Ying Yu , Min Li

To address the limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding task, where they often produce inaccurate and incomplete prediction results due to the high-dimensional and skewed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Rumeng Li , Xun Wang , Hong Yu

International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a set of classification codes for medical records. Automated ICD coding, which assigns unique International Classification of Diseases codes with each medical record, is widely used recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Shi Wang , Daniel Tang , Luchen Zhang , Huilin Li , Ding Han

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) serves as a definitive medical classification system encompassing a wide range of diseases and conditions. The primary objective of ICD indexing is to allocate a subset of ICD codes to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xindi Wang , Robert E. Mercer , Frank Rudzicz

Automatic ICD coding, the task of assigning disease and procedure codes to electronic medical records, is crucial for clinical documentation and billing. While existing methods primarily enhance model understanding of code hierarchies and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tuan-Dung Le , Shohreh Haddadan , Thanh Q. Thieu

Automatically classifying electronic health records (EHRs) into diagnostic codes has been challenging to the NLP community. State-of-the-art methods treated this problem as a multilabel classification problem and proposed various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Chao-Wei Huang , Shang-Chi Tsai , Yun-Nung Chen

Automatic ICD coding is defined as assigning disease codes to electronic medical records (EMRs). Existing methods usually apply label attention with code representations to match related text snippets. Unlike these works that model the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Zheng Yuan , Chuanqi Tan , Songfang Huang

ICD coding is the international standard for capturing and reporting health conditions and diagnosis for revenue cycle management in healthcare. Manually assigning ICD codes is prone to human error due to the large code vocabulary and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Youngwoo Kim , Cheng Li , Bingyang Ye , Amir Tahmasebi , Javed Aslam

Clinical coding is the task of transforming medical information in a patient's health records into structured codes so that they can be used for statistical analysis. This is a cognitive and time-consuming task that follows a standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Hang Dong , Matúš Falis , William Whiteley , Beatrice Alex , Joshua Matterson , Shaoxiong Ji , Jiaoyan Chen , Honghan Wu

Clinical notes contain unstructured text provided by clinicians during patient encounters. These notes are usually accompanied by a sequence of diagnostic codes following the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Correctly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mohammad Mansoori , Amira Soliman , Farzaneh Etminani

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system is the international standard for classifying diseases and procedures during a healthcare encounter and is widely used for healthcare reporting and management purposes. Assigning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 George Michalopoulos , Michal Malyska , Nicola Sahar , Alexander Wong , Helen Chen