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We study the regret guarantee for risk-sensitive reinforcement learning (RSRL) via distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) methods. In particular, we consider finite episodic Markov decision processes whose objective is the entropic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Hao Liang , Zhi-Quan Luo

We present tools for the analysis of Follow-The-Regularized-Leader (FTRL), Dual Averaging, and Mirror Descent algorithms when the regularizer (equivalently, prox-function or learning rate schedule) is chosen adaptively based on the data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-10 H. Brendan McMahan

Maintaining predictive accuracy in non-stationary environments requires online model selection to adapt autonomously to unknown distribution shifts. However, existing tuning-free algorithms face a fundamental trade-off between robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kei Takemura , Ryuta Matsuno , Keita Sakuma

We study the problem of online learning and online regret minimization when samples are drawn from a general unknown non-stationary process. We introduce the concept of a dynamic changing process with cost $K$, where the conditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Changlong Wu , Ananth Grama , Wojciech Szpankowski

Calibration is a fundamental concept that aims at ensuring the reliability of probabilistic predictions by aligning them with real-world outcomes. There is a surge of studies on new calibration measures that are easier to optimize compared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Haipeng Luo , Spandan Senapati , Vatsal Sharan

In this paper, we consider risk-sensitive sequential decision-making in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Our contributions are two-fold. First, we introduce a novel and coherent quantification of risk, namely composite risk, which quantifies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Hannes Eriksson , Debabrota Basu , Mina Alibeigi , Christos Dimitrakakis

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is fundamental to intelligent education systems, yet relies on educational logs that are selectively observed. The non-random nature of exercise recommendations and student choices inevitably induces severe selection…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Peilin Zhan , Wei Chen , Weilin Chen , Shuyi Pan , Ruichu Cai

Iterative alignment methods based on purely greedy updates are remarkably effective in practice, yet existing theoretical guarantees of \(O(\log T)\) KL-regularized regret can seem pessimistic relative to their empirical performance. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Enoch Hyunwook Kang

Recently, adversarial imitation learning has shown a scalable reward acquisition method for inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) problems. However, estimated reward signals often become uncertain and fail to train a reliable statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Dong-Sig Han , Hyunseo Kim , Hyundo Lee , Je-Hwan Ryu , Byoung-Tak Zhang

Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference by using a draft model to look ahead, but gains are capped by the cost of autoregressive draft generation: increasing draft size elevates acceptance rates but introduces additional latency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Nikhil Bhendawade , Kumari Nishu , Arnav Kundu , Chris Bartels , Minsik Cho , Irina Belousova

We study online conformal prediction for non-stationary data streams subject to unknown distribution drift. While most prior work studied this problem under adversarial settings and/or assessed performance in terms of gaps of time-averaged…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-06 Jiadong Liang , Zhimei Ren , Yuxin Chen

We study the problem of adaptively controlling a known discrete-time nonlinear system subject to unmodeled disturbances. We prove the first finite-time regret bounds for adaptive nonlinear control with matched uncertainty in the stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Nicholas M. Boffi , Stephen Tu , Jean-Jacques E. Slotine

Off-policy evaluation and learning (OPE/L) use offline observational data to make better decisions, which is crucial in applications where online experimentation is limited. However, depending entirely on logged data, OPE/L is sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Nathan Kallus , Xiaojie Mao , Kaiwen Wang , Zhengyuan Zhou

This paper considers the distributed online convex-concave optimization with constraint sets over a multiagent network, in which each agent autonomously generates a series of decision pairs through a designable mechanism to cooperatively…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-14 Wentao Zhang , Baoyong Zhang , Deming Yuan , Shengyuan Xu , Vincent K. N. Lau

Mirror descent with an entropic regularizer is known to achieve shifting regret bounds that are logarithmic in the dimension. This is done using either a carefully designed projection or by a weight sharing technique. Via a novel unified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-09-28 Nicolò Cesa-Bianchi , Pierre Gaillard , Gabor Lugosi , Gilles Stoltz

We provide theoretical guarantees for convergence of discrete-time policy mirror descent with inexact advantage functions updated using temporal difference (TD) learning for entropy regularised MDPs in Polish state and action spaces. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Denis Zorba , David Šiška , Lukasz Szpruch

Diffusion policies are competitive for offline reinforcement learning (RL) but are typically guided at sampling time by heuristics that lack a statistical notion of risk. We introduce LRT-Diffusion, a risk-aware sampling rule that treats…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Ximan Sun , Xiang Cheng

Large language models confidently produce outdated answers, and no existing method can detect them. We show this is not an engineering failure but a structural one: temporal drift, whether a stored fact has changed since training, is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rania Elbadry , Ahmed Heakl , Fan Zhang , Dani Bouch , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Zhuohan Xie

We study the Non-Stationary Reinforcement Learning (RL) under distribution shifts in both finite-horizon episodic and infinite-horizon discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). In the finite-horizon case, the transition functions may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ha Manh Bui , Felix Parker , Kimia Ghobadi , Anqi Liu

Stochastically Extended Adversarial (SEA) model is introduced by Sachs et al. [2022] as an interpolation between stochastic and adversarial online convex optimization. Under the smoothness condition, they demonstrate that the expected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Sijia Chen , Yu-Jie Zhang , Wei-Wei Tu , Peng Zhao , Lijun Zhang
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