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Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) is a promising approach to extend traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods to solve more complex tasks. Yet, the majority of current HRL methods require careful task-specific design and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Ofir Nachum , Shixiang Gu , Honglak Lee , Sergey Levine

Automated game design (AGD), the study of automatically generating game rules, has a long history in technical games research. AGD approaches generally rely on approximations of human play, either objective functions or AI agents. Despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Johor Jara Gonzalez , Seth Cooper , Matthew Guzdial

This study conducts a comparative analysis of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm, applied to a 1-Degree of Freedom (DOF) Quanser Aero 2 system. Classical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Georg Schäfer , Jakob Rehrl , Stefan Huber , Simon Hirlaender

Procedural content generation via machine learning (PCGML) in games involves using machine learning techniques to create game content such as maps and levels. 2D tile-based game levels have consistently served as a standard dataset for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Mahsa Bazzaz , Seth Cooper

Federated Reinforcement Learning (FRL) has been deemed as a promising solution for intelligent decision-making in the era of Artificial Internet of Things. However, existing FRL approaches often entail repeated interactions with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Sheng Yue , Zerui Qin , Xingyuan Hua , Yongheng Deng , Ju Ren

Reinforcement learning (RL) studies how an agent comes to achieve reward in an environment through interactions over time. Recent advances in machine RL have surpassed human expertise at the world's oldest board games and many classic video…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Pedro A. Tsividis , Joao Loula , Jake Burga , Nathan Foss , Andres Campero , Thomas Pouncy , Samuel J. Gershman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Robotic navigation in environments shared with other robots or humans remains challenging because the intentions of the surrounding agents are not directly observable and the environment conditions are continuously changing. Local…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Bruno Brito , Michael Everett , Jonathan P. How , Javier Alonso-Mora

Navigating and understanding complex and unknown environments autonomously demands more than just basic perception and movement from embodied agents. Truly effective exploration requires agents to possess higher-level cognitive abilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Abdel Hakim Drid , Vincenzo Suriani , Daniele Nardi , Abderrezzak Debilou

This paper proposes a realistic modularized framework for controlling autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) on inland waterways (IWs) based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The framework improves operational safety and comprises two…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Martin Waltz , Niklas Paulig , Ostap Okhrin

We present a map-less path planning algorithm based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) for mobile robots navigating in unknown environment that only relies on 40-dimensional raw laser data and odometry information. The planner is trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Nicolò Botteghi , Beril Sirmacek , Khaled A. A. Mustafa , Mannes Poel , Stefano Stramigioli

Task environments developed in Minecraft are becoming increasingly popular for artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, most of these are currently constructed manually, thus failing to take advantage of procedural content generation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Adarsh Pyarelal , Aditya Banerjee , Kobus Barnard

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is vital in various AI applications. DRL algorithms comprise diverse compute kernels, which may not be simultaneously optimized using a homogeneous architecture. However, even with available heterogeneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yuan Meng , Michael Kinsner , Deshanand Singh , Mahesh A Iyer , Viktor Prasanna

This survey explores Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML), defined as the generation of game content using machine learning models trained on existing content. As the importance of PCG for game development increases,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Adam Summerville , Sam Snodgrass , Matthew Guzdial , Christoffer Holmgård , Amy K. Hoover , Aaron Isaksen , Andy Nealen , Julian Togelius

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques have become increasingly used in various fields for decision-making processes. However, a challenge that often arises is the trade-off between both the computational efficiency of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Anthony Kobanda , Valliappan C. A. , Joshua Romoff , Ludovic Denoyer

Designing rewards for autonomous cyber attack and defense learning agents in a complex, dynamic environment is a challenging task for subject matter experts. We propose a large language model (LLM)-based reward design approach to generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sayak Mukherjee , Samrat Chatterjee , Emilie Purvine , Ted Fujimoto , Tegan Emerson

This study focuses on optimizing path planning for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) in precision agriculture using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques in continuous action spaces. The research begins with a review of traditional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Laukik Patade , Rohan Rane , Sandeep Pillai

Self-organizing networks face challenges from complex parameter interdependencies and conflicting objectives. This study introduces two compositional learning approaches-Compositional Deep Reinforcement Learning (CDRL) and Compositional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qi Liao , Parijat Bhattacharjee

Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) has been proved to be a successful reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm for continuous control tasks. However, DDPG still suffers from data insufficiency and training inefficiency, especially in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Zhizheng Zhang , Jiale Chen , Zhibo Chen , Weiping Li

We present DARLEI, a framework that combines evolutionary algorithms with parallelized reinforcement learning for efficiently training and evolving populations of UNIMAL agents. Our approach utilizes Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Saeejith Nair , Mohammad Javad Shafiee , Alexander Wong

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna