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Reparameterized diffusion models (RDMs) have recently matched autoregressive methods in protein generation, motivating their use for challenging tasks such as designing membrane proteins, which possess interleaved soluble and transmembrane…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-30 Shrey Goel , Peregrine M. Schray , Yinuo Zhang , Sophia Vincoff , Huong T. Kratochvil , Pranam Chatterjee

Protein design is a fundamental challenge in biotechnology, aiming to design novel sequences with specific functions within the vast space of possible proteins. Recent advances in deep generative models have enabled function-based protein…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Nuowei Liu , Jiahao Kuang , Yanting Liu , Tao Ji , Changzhi Sun , Man Lan , Yuanbin Wu

Proteins underpin most biological function, and the ability to design them with tailored structures and properties is central to advances in biotechnology. Diffusion-based generative models have emerged as powerful tools for protein design,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Erik Hartman , Jonas Wallin , Johan Malmström , Jimmy Olsson

Nature creates diverse proteins through a 'divide and assembly' strategy. Inspired by this idea, we introduce ProteinWeaver, a two-stage framework for protein backbone design. Our method first generates individual protein domains and then…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-28 Yiming Ma , Fei Ye , Yi Zhou , Zaixiang Zheng , Dongyu Xue , Quanquan Gu

Predicting the binding structure of a small molecule ligand to a protein -- a task known as molecular docking -- is critical to drug design. Recent deep learning methods that treat docking as a regression problem have decreased runtime…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-14 Gabriele Corso , Hannes Stärk , Bowen Jing , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Motif scaffolding seeks to design scaffold structures for constructing proteins with functions derived from the desired motif, which is crucial for the design of vaccines and enzymes. Previous works approach the problem by inpainting or…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-06 Ke Liu , Weian Mao , Shuaike Shen , Xiaoran Jiao , Zheng Sun , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

Have you ever been troubled by the complexity and computational cost of SE(3) protein structure modeling and been amazed by the simplicity and power of language modeling? Recent work has shown promise in simplifying protein structures as…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-25 Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Stan Z. Li

In this work, we propose a novel framework to enable diffusion models to adapt their generation quality based on real-time network bandwidth constraints. Traditional diffusion models produce high-fidelity images by performing a fixed number…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xi Zhang , Hanwei Zhu , Yan Zhong , Jiamang Wang , Weisi Lin

Computational protein design facilitates discovery of novel proteins with prescribed structure and functionality. Exciting designs were recently reported using novel data-driven methodologies that can be roughly divided into two categories:…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-28 Cyril Malbranke , David Bikard , Simona Cocco , Rémi Monasson , Jérôme Tubiana

Proteins are fundamental to biology, executing diverse functions through complex physicochemical interactions, and they hold transformative potential across medicine, materials science, and environmental applications. Protein Language…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-11 Logan Hallee , Nikolaos Rafailidis , David B. Bichara , Jason P. Gleghorn

Data-driven generative models excel in language and vision, but diffusion models often fail in constrained planning and design tasks, exhibiting severe constraint violations in engineering inverse design, molecular generation, multi-robot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Zirui Zhao , Boye Niu , Harold Soh , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

The advent of deep learning has introduced efficient approaches for de novo protein sequence design, significantly improving success rates and reducing development costs compared to computational or experimental methods. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Yutong Hu , Yang Tan , Andi Han , Lirong Zheng , Liang Hong , Bingxin Zhou

After AlphaFold won the Nobel Prize, protein prediction with deep learning once again became a hot topic. We comprehensively explore advanced deep learning methods applied to protein structure prediction and design. It begins by examining…

Generating molecules that bind to specific proteins is an important but challenging task in drug discovery. Previous works usually generate atoms in an auto-regressive way, where element types and 3D coordinates of atoms are generated one…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-16 Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Odin Zhang , Siqi Ma , Meng Liu , Xuanjing Li , Lirong Wu , Jishui Wang , Tingjun Hou , Stan Z. Li

Deep learning is catalyzing a scientific revolution fueled by big data, accessible toolkits, and powerful computational resources, impacting many fields including protein structural modeling. Protein structural modeling, such as predicting…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-17 Wenhao Gao , Sai Pooja Mahajan , Jeremias Sulam , Jeffrey J. Gray

The interaction of a protein with its environment can be understood and controlled via its 3D structure. Experimental methods for protein structure determination, such as X-ray crystallography or cryogenic electron microscopy, shed light on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Axel Levy , Eric R. Chan , Sara Fridovich-Keil , Frédéric Poitevin , Ellen D. Zhong , Gordon Wetzstein

Denoising diffusion models are a novel class of generative algorithms that achieve state-of-the-art performance across a range of domains, including image generation and text-to-image tasks. Building on this success, diffusion models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Nic Fishman , Leo Klarner , Valentin De Bortoli , Emile Mathieu , Michael Hutchinson

Structural topology optimization, which aims to find the optimal physical structure that maximizes mechanical performance, is vital in engineering design applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil engineering. Generative adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 François Mazé , Faez Ahmed

Protein design has the potential to revolutionize biotechnology and medicine. While most efforts have focused on proteins with well-defined structures, increased recognition of the functional significance of intrinsically disordered…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-17 Giulio Tesei , Francesco Pesce , Kresten Lindorff-Larsen

Effective generation of molecular structures, or new chemical entities, that bind to target proteins is crucial for lead identification and optimization in drug discovery. Despite advancements in atom- and motif-wise deep learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Guanlue Li , Chenran Jiang , Ziqi Gao , Yu Liu , Chenyang Liu , Jiean Chen , Yong Huang , Jia Li