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High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…
Translating culture-related content is vital for effective cross-cultural communication. However, many culture-specific items (CSIs) often lack viable translations across languages, making it challenging to collect high-quality, diverse…
Health literacy is the central focus of Healthy People 2030, the fifth iteration of the U.S. national goals and objectives. People with low health literacy usually have trouble understanding health information, following post-visit…
Multilingual neural machine translation can translate unseen language pairs during training, i.e. zero-shot translation. However, the zero-shot translation is always unstable. Although prior works attributed the instability to the…
Machine Translation (MT) is one of the most prominent tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP) which involves the automatic conversion of texts from one natural language to another while preserving its meaning and fluency. Although the…
This paper describes the Stevens Institute of Technology's submission for the WMT 2022 Shared Task: Code-mixed Machine Translation (MixMT). The task consisted of two subtasks, subtask $1$ Hindi/English to Hinglish and subtask $2$ Hinglish…
In this paper, we propose an effective way for biasing the attention mechanism of a sequence-to-sequence neural machine translation (NMT) model towards the well-studied statistical word alignment models. We show that our novel guided…
Machine translation (MT) involving Indigenous languages, including those possibly endangered, is challenging due to lack of sufficient parallel data. We describe an approach exploiting bilingual and multilingual pretrained MT models in a…
The people in the world who are hearing impaired face many obstacles in communication and require an interpreter to comprehend what a person is saying. There has been constant scientific research and the existing models lack the ability to…
In Machine Translation, assessing the quality of a large amount of automatic translations can be challenging. Automatic metrics are not reliable when it comes to high performing systems. In addition, resorting to human evaluators can be…
As a sequence-to-sequence generation task, neural machine translation (NMT) naturally contains intrinsic uncertainty, where a single sentence in one language has multiple valid counterparts in the other. However, the dominant methods for…
The count of people suffering from various levels of hearing loss reached 1.57 billion in 2019. This huge number tends to suffer on many personal and professional levels and strictly needs to be included with the rest of society healthily.…
Massively multilingual models for neural machine translation (NMT) are theoretically attractive, but often underperform bilingual models and deliver poor zero-shot translations. In this paper, we explore ways to improve them. We argue that…
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems are typically evaluated using automated metrics that assess the agreement between generated translations and ground truth candidates. To improve systems with respect to these metrics, NLP researchers…
Neural machine translation systems require large amounts of training data and resources. Even with this, the quality of the translations may be insufficient for some users or domains. In such cases, the output of the system must be revised…
Processing of multi-word expressions (MWEs) is a known problem for any natural language processing task. Even neural machine translation (NMT) struggles to overcome it. This paper presents results of experiments on investigating NMT…
Large Language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable abilities in understanding complex texts, offering a promising path towards human-like translation performance. However, this study reveals the misalignment between the…
There are more than 7,000 languages around the world, and current Large Language Models (LLMs) only support hundreds of languages. Dictionary-based prompting methods can enhance translation on them, but most methods use all the available…
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) can be used to generate fluent output. As such, language models have been investigated for incorporation with NMT. In prior investigations, two models have been used: a translation model and a language…
Neural machine translation is a recently proposed approach to machine translation. Unlike the traditional statistical machine translation, the neural machine translation aims at building a single neural network that can be jointly tuned to…