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Related papers: Harnessing Consistency for Robust Test-Time LLM En…

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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate accurate and reliable responses that are grounded in retrieved context. However, LLMs often generate inconsistent outputs for semantically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xujun Peng , Anoop Kumar , Jingyu Wu , Parker Glenn , Daben Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across various tasks, but their deployment in high-stake domains requires consistent and coherent behavior across multiple rounds of user interaction. This paper introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yubo Li , Yidi Miao , Xueying Ding , Ramayya Krishnan , Rema Padman

Test-time scaling improves large language models' (LLMs) performance by allocating more compute budget during inference. To achieve this, existing methods often require intricate modifications to prompting and sampling strategies. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Junqi Jiang , Tom Bewley , Salim I. Amoukou , Francesco Leofante , Antonio Rago , Saumitra Mishra , Francesca Toni

LLM Ensemble -- which involves the comprehensive use of multiple large language models (LLMs), each aimed at handling user queries during downstream inference, to benefit from their individual strengths -- has gained substantial attention…

Ensembling different large language models (LLMs) to unleash their complementary potential and harness their individual strengths is highly valuable. Nevertheless, vocabulary discrepancies among various LLMs have constrained previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yangyifan Xu , Jinliang Lu , Jiajun Zhang

The scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) currently faces significant challenges. Model assembly is widely considered a promising solution to break through these performance bottlenecks. However, current ensembling methods are primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yanxin Liu , Yunqi Zhang

The generation quality of large language models (LLMs) is often improved by utilizing inference-time sequence-level scaling methods (e.g., Chain-of-Thought). We introduce hyper-parallel scaling, a complementary framework that improves…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Soheil Zibakhsh , Mohammad Samragh , Kumari Nishu , Lauren Hannah , Arnav Kundu , Minsik Cho

Recent work has demonstrated state-of-the-art results in large language model (LLM) hallucination detection and mitigation through consistency-based approaches which involve aggregating multiple responses sampled from a single LLM for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Demian Till , John Smeaton , Peter Haubrick , Gouse Saheb , Florian Graef , David Berman

Model ensembling is a well-established technique for improving the performance of machine learning models. Conventionally, this involves averaging the output distributions of multiple models and selecting the most probable label. This idea…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jiale Fu , Yuchu Jiang , Peijun Wu , Chonghan Liu , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Xu Yang

While Large language models (LLMs) have proved able to address some complex reasoning tasks, we also know that they are highly sensitive to input variation, which can lead to different solution paths and final answers. Answer consistency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Huiyuan Lai , Xiao Zhang , Malvina Nissim

While recent large language models (LLMs) improve on various question answering (QA) datasets, it remains difficult for a single model to generalize across question types that require distinct reasoning abilities. We provide empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Chenglei Si , Weijia Shi , Chen Zhao , Luke Zettlemoyer , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance in code generation, but most methods rely on autoregressive decoding without global planning, often leading to locally coherent yet globally suboptimal solutions (e.g., failing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhihao Dou , Qinjian Zhao , Zhongwei Wan , Xiaoyu Xia , Sumon Biswas

Model ensemble is a useful approach in reinforcement learning (RL) for training effective agents. Despite wide success of RL, training effective agents remains difficult due to the multitude of factors requiring careful tuning, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yiwen Song , Qianyue Hao , Qingmin Liao , Jian Yuan , Yong Li

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation, yet their true programming competence remains underexplored. We introduce the Code Triangle framework, which systematically evaluates LLMs across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Taolin Zhang , Zihan Ma , Maosong Cao , Junnan Liu , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

Large language models (LLMs) continue to struggle with low-resource languages, primarily due to limited training data, translation noise, and unstable cross-lingual alignment. To address these challenges, we propose LiRA (Linguistic Robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haolin Li , Haipeng Zhang , Mang Li , Yaohua Wang , Lijie Wen , Yu Zhang , Biqing Huang

With the advance of large language models (LLMs), LLMs have been utilized for the various tasks. However, the issues of variability and reproducibility of results from each trial of LLMs have been largely overlooked in existing literature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Junichiro Niimi

Game-theoretic interactions between agents with Large Language Models (LLMs) have revealed many emergent capabilities, yet the linguistic diversity of these interactions has not been sufficiently quantified. In this paper, we present the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Punya Syon Pandey , Yongjin Yang , Jiarui Liu , Zhijing Jin

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance, ranging from simple to complex tasks. However, while large models achieve remarkable results across diverse tasks, they often incur substantial monetary inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Byeongchan Lee , Jonghoon Lee , Dongyoung Kim , Jaehyung Kim , Kyungjoon Park , Dongjun Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable potential for problem solving, with open source models achieving increasingly impressive performance on benchmarks measuring areas from logical reasoning to mathematical ability. Ensembling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Kevin Gu , Eva Tuecke , Dmitriy Katz , Raya Horesh , David Alvarez-Melis , Mikhail Yurochkin

Advances in large language models (LLMs) have encouraged their adoption in the healthcare domain where vital clinical information is often contained in unstructured notes. Cancer staging status is available in clinical reports, but it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Chia-Hsuan Chang , Mary M. Lucas , Yeawon Lee , Christopher C. Yang , Grace Lu-Yao