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Energy based models (EBMs) are appealing due to their generality and simplicity in likelihood modeling, but have been traditionally difficult to train. We present techniques to scale MCMC based EBM training on continuous neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Yilun Du , Igor Mordatch

Embodied AI Agents are quickly becoming important and common tools in society. These embodied agents should be able to learn about and accomplish a wide range of user goals and preferences efficiently and robustly. Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Rachel Ma , Jingyi Qu , Andreea Bobu , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Effective human-agent collaboration in physical environments requires understanding not only what to act upon, but also where the actionable elements are and how to interact with them. Existing approaches often operate at the object level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Xinyi Wang , Xun Yang , Yanlong Xu , Yuchen Wu , Zhen Li , Na Zhao

Despite the ubiquity of large language models (LLMs) in AI research, the question of embodiment in LLMs remains underexplored, distinguishing them from embodied systems in robotics where sensory perception directly informs physical action.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Philipp Wicke , Lennart Wachowiak

Can world knowledge learned by large language models (LLMs) be used to act in interactive environments? In this paper, we investigate the possibility of grounding high-level tasks, expressed in natural language (e.g. "make breakfast"), to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Wenlong Huang , Pieter Abbeel , Deepak Pathak , Igor Mordatch

As the world of agentic artificial intelligence applied to robotics evolves, the need for agents capable of building and retrieving memories and observations efficiently is increasing. Robots operating in complex environments must build…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Paolo Riva , Leonardo Gargani , Matteo Frosi , Matteo Matteucci

Language models (LMs) require robust episodic grounding-the capacity to learn from and apply past experiences-to excel at physical planning tasks. Current episodic grounding approaches struggle with scalability and integration, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chunhui Zhang , Sirui , Wang , Zhongyu Ouyang , Xiangchi Yuan , Soroush Vosoughi

We introduce EMemBench, a programmatic benchmark for evaluating long-term memory of agents through interactive games. Rather than using a fixed set of questions, EMemBench generates questions from each agent's own trajectory, covering both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Xinze Li , Ziyue Zhu , Siyuan Liu , Yubo Ma , Yuhang Zang , Yixin Cao , Aixin Sun

Animals (especially humans) have an amazing ability to learn new tasks quickly, and switch between them flexibly. How brains support this ability is largely unknown, both neuroscientifically and algorithmically. One reasonable supposition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-23 Kevin T. Feigelis , Daniel L. K. Yamins

Cross-embodiment generalization underpins the vision of building generalist embodied agents for any robot, yet its enabling factors remain poorly understood. We investigate embodiment scaling laws, the hypothesis that increasing the number…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Bo Ai , Liu Dai , Nico Bohlinger , Dichen Li , Tongzhou Mu , Zhanxin Wu , K. Fay , Henrik I. Christensen , Jan Peters , Hao Su

Large language models (LLMs) has been widely used for automated negotiation, but their high computational cost and privacy risks limit deployment in privacy-sensitive, on-device settings such as mobile assistants or rescue robots. Small…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yunbo Long , Yuhan Liu , Liming Xu

While large language models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities as zero-shot planners for embodied agents, their inability to learn from experience and build persistent mental models limits their robustness in complex open-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anirudh Chari , Suraj Reddy , Aditya Tiwari , Richard Lian , Brian Zhou

We present a conceptual framework for training Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to perform Visual Perspective Taking (VPT), a core capability for embodied cognition essential for Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). As a first step toward this goal,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Joel Currie , Gioele Migno , Enrico Piacenti , Maria Elena Giannaccini , Patric Bach , Davide De Tommaso , Agnieszka Wykowska

As Large Language Models (LLMs) transition from text processors to autonomous agents, evaluating their social reasoning in embodied multi-agent settings becomes critical. We introduce SocialGrid, an embodied multi-agent environment inspired…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Hikaru Shindo , Hanzhao Lin , Lukas Helff , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of vision-language tasks. However, their performance as embodied agents, which requires multi-round dialogue spatial reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xunyi Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Qi Wu

The research field of Embodied AI has witnessed substantial progress in visual navigation and exploration thanks to powerful simulating platforms and the availability of 3D data of indoor and photorealistic environments. These two factors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Roberto Bigazzi , Federico Landi , Marcella Cornia , Silvia Cascianelli , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

The human ability to learn, generalize, and control complex manipulation tasks through multi-modality feedback suggests a unique capability, which we refer to as dexterity intelligence. Understanding and assessing this intelligence is a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Fanlong Zeng , Wensheng Gan , Zezheng Huai , Lichao Sun , Hechang Chen , Yongheng Wang , Ning Liu , Philip S. Yu

Embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs), such as Voyager, promise open-ended competence in worlds such as Minecraft. However, when powered by open-weight LLMs they still falter on elementary tasks after domain-specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Mircea Lică , Ojas Shirekar , Baptiste Colle , Chirag Raman

This paper investigates the problem of understanding dynamic 3D scenes from egocentric observations, a key challenge in robotics and embodied AI. Unlike prior studies that explored this as long-form video understanding and utilized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yue Fan , Xiaojian Ma , Rongpeng Su , Jun Guo , Rujie Wu , Xi Chen , Qing Li

Human-robot interaction is increasingly moving toward multi-robot, socially grounded environments. Existing systems struggle to integrate multimodal perception, embodied expression, and coordinated decision-making in a unified framework.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shaid Hasan , Breenice Lee , Sujan Sarker , Tariq Iqbal