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The exponential growth of social media platforms has brought about a revolution in communication and content dissemination in human society. Nevertheless, these platforms are being increasingly misused to spread toxic content, including…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Wenxuan Wang , Jingyuan Huang , Jen-tse Huang , Chang Chen , Jiazhen Gu , Pinjia He , Michael R. Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) are flexible, personalizable, and available, which makes their use within Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) appealing. However, that flexibility creates risks: inaccuracies, harmful content, and non-curricular…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zachary Levonian , Owen Henkel

Online portals include an increasing amount of user feedback in form of ratings and reviews. Recent research highlighted the importance of this feedback and confirmed that positive feedback improves product sales figures and thus its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Daniel Martens , Walid Maalej

Blockchain enables peer-to-peer transactions in cyberspace without a trusted third party. The rapid growth of Ethereum and smart contract blockchains generally calls for well-designed Transaction Fee Mechanisms (TFMs) to allocate limited…

General Economics · Economics 2023-05-05 Luyao Zhang , Fan Zhang

This work explores the impact of moderation on users' enjoyment of conversational AI systems. While recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to highly capable conversational AIs that are increasingly deployed in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Xiaoding Lu , Aleksey Korshuk , Zongyi Liu , William Beauchamp , Chai Research

Toxicity annotators and content moderators often default to mental shortcuts when making decisions. This can lead to subtle toxicity being missed, and seemingly toxic but harmless content being over-detected. We introduce BiasX, a framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Yiming Zhang , Sravani Nanduri , Liwei Jiang , Tongshuang Wu , Maarten Sap

When toxic online communities on mainstream platforms face moderation measures, such as bans, they may migrate to other platforms with laxer policies or set up their own dedicated websites. Previous work suggests that within mainstream…

Centralized version control systems (VCS) are vital for software development but pose risks of data loss and ownership disputes. While blockchain offers a decentralized alternative, existing solutions are often hindered by high latency,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Md. Rafid Haque , Sakibul Islam Munna , Sabbir Ahmed , Md. Tahmid Islam , Md Mehedi Hassan Onik , A. B. M. Ashikur Rahman

Content moderation remains a critical yet challenging task for large-scale user-generated video platforms, especially in livestreaming environments where moderation must be timely, multimodal, and robust to evolving forms of unwanted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Wei Chee Yew , Hailun Xu , Sanjay Saha , Xiaotian Fan , Hiok Hian Ong , David Yuchen Wang , Kanchan Sarkar , Zhenheng Yang , Danhui Guan

Anonymity in social media platforms keeps users hidden behind a keyboard. This absolves users of responsibility, allowing them to engage in online rage, hate speech, and other text-based toxicity that harms online well-being. Recent…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Akriti Verma , Shama Islam , Valeh Moghaddam , Adnan Anwar

Purposely modular, this protocol enables customization of several protocol properties, including the consensus properties implemented, blockchain type, the roots used, and virtual machine opcodes, among others. These modules enable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Jovonni L. Pharr

Ethereum has undergone a recent change called \textit{the Merge}, which made Ethereum a Proof-of-Stake blockchain, shifting closer to BFT consensus. Ethereum, which wished to keep the best of the two protocol designs (BFT and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Ulysse Pavloff , Yackolley Amoussou-Guenou , Sara Tucci-Piergiovanni

As large language models (LLMs) grow more powerful, concerns over copyright infringement of LLM-generated texts have intensified. LLM watermarking has been proposed to trace unauthorized redistribution or resale of generated content by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Qihao Lin , Chen Tang , Lan zhang , Junyang zhang , Xiangyang Li

Blockchains revolutionized centralized sectors like banking and finance by promoting decentralization and transparency. In a blockchain, information is transmitted through transactions issued by participants or applications. Miners…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Johnnatan Messias Peixoto Afonso

Social platforms have revolutionized information sharing, but also accelerated the dissemination of harmful and policy-violating content. To ensure safety and compliance at scale, moderation systems must go beyond efficiency and offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Anqi Li , Wenwei Jin , Jintao Tong , Pengda Qin , Weijia Li , Guo Lu

Identity management systems (IDMSs) are widely used to provision user identities while managing authentication, authorization, and data sharing within organizations and on the web. Traditional identity systems typically suffer from single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Loic Lesavre , Priam Varin , Peter Mell , Michael Davidson , James Shook

Human-robot interactive decision-making is increasingly becoming ubiquitous, and trust is an influential factor in determining the reliance on autonomy. However, it is not reasonable to trust systems that are beyond our comprehension, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Daoming Lyu , Fangkai Yang , Hugh Kwon , Wen Dong , Levent Yilmaz , Bo Liu

Intelligent dialogue systems are increasingly deployed in emotionally and ethically sensitive settings, where failures in either emotional attunement or ethical judgment can cause significant harm. Existing dialogue models typically address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jiawen Deng , Wei Li , Wentao Zhang , Ziyun Jiao , Fuji Ren

In recent years, Internet memes have been widely used in online chatting. Compared with text-based communication, conversations become more expressive and attractive when Internet memes are incorporated. This paper presents our solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Hua Lu , Zhen Guo , Chanjuan Li , Yunyi Yang , Huang He , Siqi Bao

WARNING: This paper contains examples of offensive materials. To address the proliferation of toxic content on social media, we introduce SMARTER, we introduce SMARTER, a data-efficient two-stage framework for explainable content moderation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Huy Nghiem , Advik Sachdeva , Hal Daumé