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Long-term memory is important for chatbots and dialogue systems (DS) to create consistent and human-like conversations, evidenced by numerous developed memory-augmented DS (MADS). To evaluate the effectiveness of such MADS, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Junqing He , Liang Zhu , Rui Wang , Xi Wang , Reza Haffari , Jiaxing Zhang

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in open-ended conversation, generating more accurate and personalized responses. However, their abilities to memorize, recall, and reason in sustained…

Language-model-based agents operating over extended interaction horizons face persistent challenges in preserving temporally grounded information and maintaining behavioral consistency across sessions, a failure mode we term soul erosion.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yang Li , Jiaxiang Liu , Yusong Wang , Yujie Wu , Mingkun Xu

Large language model (LLM) agents extend generative models with reasoning, tool use, and persistent memory, thereby enabling the automation of complex tasks. In healthcare, such systems could support documentation, care coordination, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Wenxian Yang , Hanzheng Qiu , Bangqun Zhang , Chengquan Li , Zhiyong Huang , Xiaobin Feng , Rongshan Yu , Jiahong Dong

LLM-based conversational AI agents struggle to maintain coherent behavior over long horizons due to limited context. While RAG-based approaches are increasingly adopted to overcome this limitation by storing interactions in external memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jiazhou Liang , Armin Toroghi , Yifan Simon Liu , Faeze Moradi Kalarde , Liam Gallagher , Scott Sanner

The large-scale deployment of personalized healthcare agents demands memory mechanisms that are exceptionally precise, safe, and capable of long-term clinical tracking. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on daily open-domain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yihao Wang , Haoran Xu , Renjie Gu , Yixuan Ye , Xinyi Chen , Xinyu Mu , Yuan Gao , Chunxiao Guo , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu , Huan Li , Ke Chen , Lidan Shou

LLM-based agents have been extensively applied across various domains, where memory stands out as one of their most essential capabilities. Previous memory mechanisms of LLM-based agents are manually predefined by human experts, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zeyu Zhang , Quanyu Dai , Rui Li , Xiaohe Bo , Xu Chen , Zhenhua Dong

The rise of AI-native Low-Code/No-Code (LCNC) platforms enables autonomous agents capable of executing complex, long-duration business processes. However, a fundamental challenge remains: memory management. As agents operate over extended…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jiexi Xu

Existing long-term personalized dialogue systems struggle to reconcile unbounded interaction streams with finite context constraints, often succumbing to memory noise accumulation, reasoning degradation, and persona inconsistency. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jihao Zhao , Ding Chen , Zhaoxin Fan , Kerun Xu , Mengting Hu , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

Recently proposed evaluation benchmarks aim to characterize the effective context length and the forgetting tendencies of large language models (LLMs). However, these benchmarks often rely on simplistic 'needle in a haystack' retrieval or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Raquib Bin Yousuf , Aadyant Khatri , Shengzhe Xu , Mandar Sharma , Naren Ramakrishnan

Emoji is an essential component in dialogues which has been broadly utilized on almost all social platforms. It could express more delicate feelings beyond plain texts and thus smooth the communications between users, making dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Ruobing Xie , Zhiyuan Liu , Rui Yan , Maosong Sun

Existing Large Language Models (LLMs) usually remain static after deployment, which might make it hard to inject new knowledge into the model. We aim to build models containing a considerable portion of self-updatable parameters, enabling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yu Wang , Yifan Gao , Xiusi Chen , Haoming Jiang , Shiyang Li , Jingfeng Yang , Qingyu Yin , Zheng Li , Xian Li , Bing Yin , Jingbo Shang , Julian McAuley

Memory is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information, allowing humans to retain experiences, knowledge, skills, and facts over time, and serving as the foundation for growth and effective interaction with the world. It…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Yaxiong Wu , Sheng Liang , Chen Zhang , Yichao Wang , Yongyue Zhang , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

Memory-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) are essential for developing capable, long-term AI agents. Recently, applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize memory operations, such as extraction, updating, and retrieval, has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ziliang Guo , Ziheng Li , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li

Deep Language Models (DLMs) provide a novel computational paradigm for understanding the mechanisms of natural language processing in the human brain. Unlike traditional psycholinguistic models, DLMs use layered sequences of continuous…

Memory is critical for enabling large language model (LLM) based agents to maintain coherent behavior over long-horizon interactions. However, existing agent memory systems suffer from two key gaps: they rely on a one-size-fits-all memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mingfei Lu , Mengjia Wu , Feng Liu , Jiawei Xu , Weikai Li , Haoyang Wang , Zhengdong Hu , Ying Ding , Yizhou Sun , Jie Lu , Yi Zhang

Multi-agent systems built on Large Language Models (LLMs) show exceptional promise for complex collaborative problem-solving, yet they face fundamental challenges stemming from context window limitations that impair memory consistency, role…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sizhe Yuen , Francisco Gomez Medina , Ting Su , Yali Du , Adam J. Sobey

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive reasoning abilities, but struggle with temporal understanding, especially when questions involve multiple entities, compound operators, and evolving event sequences. Temporal Knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xingyu Tan , Xiaoyang Wang , Qing Liu , Xiwei Xu , Xin Yuan , Liming Zhu , Wenjie Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI, but are constrained by limited context windows, hindering their utility in tasks like extended conversations and document analysis. To enable using context beyond limited context windows,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Charles Packer , Sarah Wooders , Kevin Lin , Vivian Fang , Shishir G. Patil , Ion Stoica , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Agent memory shapes how Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, akin to the human brain, progressively refine themselves through environment interactions. Existing paradigms remain constrained: parametric memory forcibly adjusts model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Guibin Zhang , Muxin Fu , Shuicheng Yan