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Recent advancements in LLM-powered agents have demonstrated significant potential in generating human-like responses; however, they continue to face challenges in maintaining long-term interactions within complex environments, primarily due…

Large language model (LLM) agents are constrained by limited context windows, necessitating external memory systems for long-term information understanding. Current memory-augmented agents typically depend on pre-defined instructions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yu Wang , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiqi Liang , Yuzhen Mao , Yuanzhe Hu , Julian McAuley , Xiaojian Wu

Memory systems often organize user-agent interactions as retrievable external memory and are crucial for long-running agents by overcoming the limited context windows of LLMs. However, existing memory systems invoke LLMs to process every…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zijie Dai , Shiyuan Deng , Sheng Guan , Yizhou Tian , Xin Yao , Xiao Yan , James Cheng

Humans excel at remembering concrete experiences along spatiotemporal contexts and performing reasoning across those events, i.e., the capacity for episodic memory. In contrast, memory in language agents remains mainly semantic, and current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiheng Shu , Saisri Padmaja Jonnalagedda , Xiang Gao , Bernal Jiménez Gutiérrez , Weijian Qi , Kamalika Das , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Large language model (LLM) agents face fundamental limitations in long-horizon reasoning due to finite context windows, making effective memory management critical. Existing methods typically handle long-term memory (LTM) and short-term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yi Yu , Liuyi Yao , Yuexiang Xie , Qingquan Tan , Jiaqi Feng , Yaliang Li , Libing Wu

Large language models (LLMs) excel at single-turn reasoning but often lose accuracy and coherence over extended, multi-turn interactions. Recent evaluations such as TurnBench highlight recurring failure modes-reasoning bias, task drift,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yiran Zhang , Jincheng Hu , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

Large language model (LLM) personalization aims to align model outputs with individuals' unique preferences and opinions. While recent efforts have implemented various personalization methods, a unified theoretical framework that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xinliang Frederick Zhang , Nick Beauchamp , Lu Wang

Autonomous LLM agents require structured long-term memory, yet current "append-and-evolve" systems like A-MEM face O(N^2) write-latency and excessive token costs. We introduce D-MEM (Dopamine-Gated Agentic Memory), a biologically inspired…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-17 Yuru Song , Qi Xin

Long-term memory enables large language model agents to tackle complex tasks through historical interactions. However, existing frameworks encounter a fundamental dilemma between compressing redundant information efficiently and maintaining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhenyuan Zhang , Xianzhang Jia , Zhiqin Yang , Zhenbo Song , Wei Xue , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Nowadays, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been trained using extended context lengths to foster more creative applications. However, long context training poses great challenges considering the constraint of GPU memory. It not only leads…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Pinxue Zhao , Hailin Zhang , Fangcheng Fu , Xiaonan Nie , Qibin Liu , Fang Yang , Yuanbo Peng , Dian Jiao , Shuaipeng Li , Jinbao Xue , Yangyu Tao , Bin Cui

Modern task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems increasingly rely on large language model (LLM) agents, leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and long-context capabilities for long-term memory utilization. However, these methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yiming Du , Bingbing Wang , Yang He , Bin Liang , Baojun Wang , Zhongyang Li , Lin Gui , Jeff Z. Pan , Ruifeng Xu , Kam-Fai Wong

Larger model sizes and longer sequence lengths have empowered the Large Language Model (LLM) to achieve outstanding performance across various domains. However, this progress brings significant storage capacity challenges for LLM…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Xinyuan Lin , Chenlu Li , Zongle Huang , Chunyu Wang , Bo Xiao , Huazhong Yang , Shishi Duan , Yongpan Liu

Large language model assistants are increasingly expected to retain and reason over information accumulated across many sessions. We introduce EngramaBench, a benchmark for long-term conversational memory built around five personas, one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Julian Acuna

Despite rapid progress in large-scale language and vision models, AI agents still suffer from a fundamental limitation: they cannot remember. Without reliable memory, agents catastrophically forget past experiences, struggle with…

Temporal reasoning in multi-session dialogues presents a significant challenge which has been under-studied in previous temporal reasoning benchmarks. To bridge this gap, we propose a new evaluation task for temporal reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yubin Ge , Salvatore Romeo , Jason Cai , Raphael Shu , Monica Sunkara , Yassine Benajiba , Yi Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing various domains with their remarkable natural language processing (NLP) abilities. However, deploying LLMs in resource-constrained edge computing and embedded systems presents significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Abdul Basit , Khizar Hussain , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational and memory constraints when processing long contexts, despite growing demand for applications requiring reasoning over extensive documents, multi-session dialogues, and book length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chandra Vamsi Krishna Alla , Harish Naidu Gaddam , Manohar Kommi

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to handle long input sequences due to high memory and runtime costs. Memory-augmented models have emerged as a promising solution to this problem, but current methods are hindered by limited memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Zexue He , Leonid Karlinsky , Donghyun Kim , Julian McAuley , Dmitry Krotov , Rogerio Feris

The transition from stateless language model inference to persistent, multi session autonomous agents has revealed memory to be a primary architectural bottleneck in the deployment of production grade agentic systems. Existing methodologies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Seyed Moein Abtahi , Rasa Rahnema , Hetkumar Patel , Neel Patel , Majid Fekri , Tara Khani

Recent GUI agents have made substantial progress in visual grounding and action prediction, yet they remain brittle in long-horizon tasks that require maintaining task state across many interface transitions. Existing agents typically rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ziyun Zeng , Hang Hua , Bocheng Zou , Mu Cai , Rogerio Feris , Jiebo Luo