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We address the problem of summarizing embedded tree patterns extracted from large data trees. We do so by defining and mining closed and maximal embedded unordered tree patterns from a single large data tree. We design an embedded frequent…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Xiaoying Wu , Dimitri Theodoratos , Nikos Mamoulis

Parallel thinking has emerged as a novel approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by exploring multiple reasoning paths concurrently. However, activating such capabilities through training remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Tong Zheng , Hongming Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Xiaoyang Wang , Runpeng Dai , Rui Liu , Huiwen Bao , Chengsong Huang , Heng Huang , Dong Yu

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable progress on complex tasks by generating extended chains of thought (CoT). However, their uncontrolled output lengths pose significant challenges for real-world deployment, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuhui Xu , Hanze Dong , Lei Wang , Doyen Sahoo , Junnan Li , Caiming Xiong

Large reasoning models (LRMs) excel on complex problems but face a critical barrier to efficiency: reinforcement learning (RL) training requires long rollouts for outcome-based rewards, where autoregressive decoding dominates time and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zeliang Zhang , Xiaodong Liu , Hao Cheng , Hao Sun , Chenliang Xu , Jianfeng Gao

While task-specific finetuning of pretrained networks has led to significant empirical advances in NLP, the large size of networks makes finetuning difficult to deploy in multi-task, memory-constrained settings. We propose diff pruning as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Demi Guo , Alexander M. Rush , Yoon Kim

Dataset pruning reduces the storage and training costs of deep learning by selecting an informative subset from a large dataset. However, most existing pruning methods require fully labeled data, which limits their applicability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yeseul Cho , Baekrok Shin , Changmin Kang , Chulhee Yun

Channel pruning is an important family of methods to speed up deep model's inference. Previous filter pruning algorithms regard channel pruning and model fine-tuning as two independent steps. This paper argues that combining them into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-18 Jian-Hao Luo , Jianxin Wu

As large language models continue to scale, their growing computational and storage demands pose significant challenges for real-world deployment. In this work, we investigate redundancy within Transformer-based models and propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Liangwei Yang , Yuhui Xu , Juntao Tan , Doyen Sahoo , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Huan Wang , Shelby Heinecke

Test-time scaling, which leverages additional computation during inference to improve model accuracy, has enabled a new class of Large Language Models (LLMs) that are able to reason through complex problems by understanding the goal,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shaltiel Shmidman , Asher Fredman , Oleg Sudakov , Meriem Bendris

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities through inference-time scaling, but this progress has also introduced considerable redundancy and inefficiency into their reasoning processes, resulting in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Xingyang He , Xiao Ling , Jie Liu

Long chain-of-thought~(CoT) has become a dominant paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capability of large reasoning models~(LRMs); however, the performance gains often come with a substantial increase in reasoning budget. Recent studies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jie Cao , Tianwei Lin , Zhenxuan Fan , Bo Yuan , Ziyuan Zhao , Rolan Yan , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang

In recent years, with the popularization of deep learning frameworks and large datasets, researchers have started parallelizing their models in order to train faster. This is crucially important, because they typically explore many…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Renato L. de F. Cunha , Eduardo R. Rodrigues , Matheus Palhares Viana , Dario Augusto Borges Oliveira

Empirical scaling laws for language models have encouraged the development of ever-larger LLMs, despite their growing computational and memory costs. Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) offer a promising alternative by activating only a subset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zeliang Zhang , Nikhil Ghosh , Jiani Liu , Bin Yu , Xiaodong Liu

As neural networks grow in size and complexity, inference speeds decline. To combat this, one of the most effective compression techniques -- channel pruning -- removes channels from weights. However, for multi-branch segments of a model,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Alvin Wan , Hanxiang Hao , Kaushik Patnaik , Yueyang Xu , Omer Hadad , David Güera , Zhile Ren , Qi Shan

The ability of Deep Neural Networks to approximate highly complex functions is key to their success. This benefit, however, comes at the expense of a large model size, which challenges its deployment in resource-constrained environments.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Sawinder Kaur , Ferdinando Fioretto , Asif Salekin

Neural network pruning is one of the most popular methods of accelerating the inference of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The dominant pruning methods, filter-level pruning methods, evaluate their performance through the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Wenxiao Wang , Shuai Zhao , Minghao Chen , Jinming Hu , Deng Cai , Haifeng Liu

Prompt-tuning (PT) for large language models (LLMs) can facilitate the performance on various conventional NLP tasks with significantly fewer trainable parameters. However, our investigation reveals that PT provides limited improvement and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Sinan Fan , Liang Xie , Chen Shen , Ge Teng , Xiaosong Yuan , Xiaofeng Zhang , Chenxi Huang , Wenxiao Wang , Xiaofei He , Jieping Ye

Recently, large reasoning models have achieved impressive performance on various tasks by employing human-like deep thinking. However, the lengthy thinking process substantially increases inference overhead, making efficiency a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jiajie Zhang , Nianyi Lin , Lei Hou , Ling Feng , Juanzi Li

Inference-time scaling through multiple sample generation in combination with Process- or Outcome-Reward Model (PRM or ORM) re-ranking has proven effective for text-based reasoning in large language models. This paper investigates whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Minghan Wang , Thuy-Trang Vu , Ehsan Shareghi , Gholamreza Haffari

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly smaller variants, still struggle with complex reasoning tasks. While inference-time prompting can guide reasoning, existing methods often rely on sequential queries. Ensemble approaches offer a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Gregory Kang Ruey Lau , Wenyang Hu , Diwen Liu , Jizhuo Chen , See-Kiong Ng , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low