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The considerable size of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents notable deployment challenges, particularly on resource-constrained hardware. Structured pruning, offers an effective means to compress LLMs, thereby reducing storage costs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Shengrui Li , Junzhe Chen , Xueting Han , Jing Bai

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities. However, single-shot inference often yields unreliable results for complex reasoning tasks, leading researchers to explore multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Zhi Zhou , Tan Yuhao , Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Lan-Zhe Guo , Xiaoxing Ma , Yu-Feng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) leverage step-by-step reasoning to solve complex problems. Standard evaluation practice involves generating a complete reasoning trace and assessing the correctness of the final answer presented at its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Hani Itani , Bernard Ghanem

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable performance for cross-modal understanding and generation, yet still suffer from severe inference costs. Recently, abundant works have been proposed to solve this problem with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zichen Wen , Yifeng Gao , Weijia Li , Conghui He , Linfeng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant progress across various domains, but their increasing scale results in high computational and memory costs. Recent studies have revealed that LLMs exhibit sparsity, providing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mingkuan Feng , Jinyang Wu , Shuai Zhang , Pengpeng Shao , Ruihan Jin , Zhengqi Wen , Jianhua Tao , Feihu Che

Reasoning models enhance performance by tackling problems in a step-by-step manner, decomposing them into sub-problems and exploring long chains of thought before producing an answer. However, applying extended reasoning to every step…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Haiquan Lu , Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Qi Li , Xinchao Wang

Layer pruning has emerged as a widely adopted technique for improving the efficiency of large language models (LLMs). Although existing methods demonstrate strong performance retention on general knowledge tasks, their effect on long-chain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Keyu Wang , Tian Lyu , Guinan Su , Jonas Geiping , Lu Yin , Marco Canini , Shiwei Liu

The number of parameters in large-scale language models based on transformers is gradually increasing, and the scale of computing clusters is also growing. The technology of quickly mobilizing large amounts of computing resources for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Zongbiao Li , Xiezhao Li , Yinghao Cui , Yijun Chen , Zhixuan Gu , Yuxuan Liu , Wenbo Zhu , Fei Jia , Ke Liu , Qifeng Li , Junyao Zhan , Jiangtao Zhou , Chenxi Zhang , Qike Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) incur substantial inference cost due to the processing of hundreds of visual tokens per image. Although token pruning has proven effective for accelerating inference, determining when and where to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yahong Wang , Juncheng Wu , Zhangkai Ni , Chengmei Yang , Yihang Liu , Longzhen Yang , Yuyin Zhou , Ying Wen , Lianghua He

Deep neural networks with large model sizes achieve state-of-the-art results for tasks in computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP). However, these large-scale models are too compute- or memory-intensive for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Yang Hu , Connor Imes , Xuanang Zhao , Souvik Kundu , Peter A. Beerel , Stephen P. Crago , John Paul N. Walters

Large-scale deep neural networks (DNN) exhibit excellent performance for various tasks. As DNNs and datasets grow, distributed training becomes extremely time-consuming and demands larger clusters. A main bottleneck is the resulting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yisu Wang , Ruilong Wu , Xinjiao Li , Dirk Kutscher

Inference-time scaling has proven effective in boosting large language model (LLM) performance through increased test-time computation. Yet, its practical application is often hindered by reliance on external verifiers or a lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Fei Wang , Xingchen Wan , Ruoxi Sun , Jiefeng Chen , Sercan Ö. Arık

The Chain-of-Thought (CoT) paradigm, while enhancing the interpretability of Large Language Models (LLMs), is constrained by the inefficiencies and expressive limits of natural language. Latent Chain-of-Thought (latent CoT) reasoning, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaocheng Luo , Kang Wang , Zaifu Zhan , Yuechi Zhou , Xiangyu Duan

Large Language Models (LLMs) now exhibit remarkable reasoning capabilities through test-time compute scaling (TTS), with impressive performance across math and coding benchmarks. In parallel, research in model compression has developed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ocean Monjur , Shahriar Kabir Nahin , Anshuman Chhabra

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) with downstream data is often considered time-consuming and expensive. Structured pruning methods are primarily employed to improve the inference efficiency of pre-trained models. Meanwhile, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Wei Huang , Anda Cheng , Yinggui Wang

Channel Pruning is one of the most widespread techniques used to compress deep neural networks while maintaining their performances. Currently, a typical pruning algorithm leverages neural architecture search to directly find networks with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Shiguang Wang , Tao Xie , Haijun Liu , Xingcheng Zhang , Jian Cheng

We present scalable hybrid-parallel algorithms for training large-scale 3D convolutional neural networks. Deep learning-based emerging scientific workflows often require model training with large, high-dimensional samples, which can make…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Yosuke Oyama , Naoya Maruyama , Nikoli Dryden , Erin McCarthy , Peter Harrington , Jan Balewski , Satoshi Matsuoka , Peter Nugent , Brian Van Essen

Tree ensembles are powerful models that achieve excellent predictive performances, but can grow to unwieldy sizes. These ensembles are often post-processed (pruned) to reduce memory footprint and improve interpretability. We present…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-26 Brian Liu , Rahul Mazumder

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance across tasks but incur substantial computational costs due to their deep, multi-layered architectures. Layer pruning has emerged as a strategy to alleviate these inefficiencies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Anhao Zhao , Fanghua Ye , Yingqi Fan , Junlong Tong , Zhiwei Fei , Hui Su , Xiaoyu Shen

Real time application of deep learning algorithms is often hindered by high computational complexity and frequent memory accesses. Network pruning is a promising technique to solve this problem. However, pruning usually results in irregular…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Sajid Anwar , Kyuyeon Hwang , Wonyong Sung