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Learning effective visual representations without human supervision is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Recent advances in self-supervised learning algorithms have utilized contrastive learning, with methods such as SimCLR, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Jansel Herrera-Gerena , Ramakrishnan Sundareswaran , John Just , Matthew Darr , Ali Jannesari

Self-supervised learning has recently attracted considerable attention in the NLP community for its ability to learn discriminative features using a contrastive objective. This paper investigates whether contrastive learning can be extended…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Tassilo Klein , Moin Nabi

Gaze understanding unifies the detection of people, their gaze targets, and objects of interest into a single framework, offering critical insight into visual attention and intent estimation. Although prior research has modelled gaze cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Athul M. Mathew , Haithem Hermassi , Thariq Khalid , Arshad Ali Khan

Motivated by the need for estimating the 3D pose of arbitrary objects, we consider the challenging problem of class-agnostic object viewpoint estimation from images only, without CAD model knowledge. The idea is to leverage features learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Yang Xiao , Yuming Du , Renaud Marlet

Traditional supervised learning with deep neural networks requires a tremendous amount of labelled data to converge to a good solution. For 3D medical images, it is often impractical to build a large homogeneous annotated dataset for a…

What matters for contrastive learning? We argue that contrastive learning heavily relies on informative features, or "hard" (positive or negative) features. Early works include more informative features by applying complex data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Jiangmeng Li , Wenwen Qiang , Changwen Zheng , Bing Su , Hui Xiong

Contrastive self-supervised learning has outperformed supervised pretraining on many downstream tasks like segmentation and object detection. However, current methods are still primarily applied to curated datasets like ImageNet. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Wouter Van Gansbeke , Simon Vandenhende , Stamatios Georgoulis , Luc Van Gool

In standard reinforcement learning (RL), a learning agent seeks to optimize the overall reward. However, many key aspects of a desired behavior are more naturally expressed as constraints. For instance, the designer may want to limit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Sobhan Miryoosefi , Kianté Brantley , Hal Daumé , Miroslav Dudik , Robert Schapire

How can we design good goals for arbitrarily intelligent agents? Reinforcement learning (RL) is a natural approach. Unfortunately, RL does not work well for generally intelligent agents, as RL agents are incentivised to shortcut the reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Tom Everitt , Marcus Hutter

Inspired by the success of DeepSeek-R1, we explore the potential of rule-based reinforcement learning (RL) in MLLM post-training for perception policy learning. While promising, our initial experiments reveal that incorporating a thinking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 En Yu , Kangheng Lin , Liang Zhao , Jisheng Yin , Yana Wei , Yuang Peng , Haoran Wei , Jianjian Sun , Chunrui Han , Zheng Ge , Xiangyu Zhang , Daxin Jiang , Jingyu Wang , Wenbing Tao

In recent years, contrastive learning achieves impressive results on self-supervised visual representation learning, but there still lacks a rigorous understanding of its learning dynamics. In this paper, we show that if we cast a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yifei Wang , Qi Zhang , Tianqi Du , Jiansheng Yang , Zhouchen Lin , Yisen Wang

Contrastive learning methods have significantly narrowed the gap between supervised and unsupervised learning on computer vision tasks. In this paper, we explore their application to geo-located datasets, e.g. remote sensing, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Kumar Ayush , Burak Uzkent , Chenlin Meng , Kumar Tanmay , Marshall Burke , David Lobell , Stefano Ermon

Noise contrastive learning is a popular technique for unsupervised representation learning. In this approach, a representation is obtained via reduction to supervised learning, where given a notion of semantic similarity, the learner tries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Jordan T. Ash , Surbhi Goel , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Dipendra Misra

Approaches for goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) often use learned state representations to extract goal-reaching policies. Two frameworks for representation structure have yielded particularly effective GCRL algorithms: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Vivek Myers , Bill Chunyuan Zheng , Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine

This paper presents a framework for learning visual representations from unlabeled video demonstrations captured from multiple viewpoints. We show that these representations are applicable for imitating several robotic tasks, including pick…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-30 André Correia , Luís A. Alexandre

We focus on contrastive methods for self-supervised video representation learning. A common paradigm in contrastive learning is to construct positive pairs by sampling different data views for the same instance, with different data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Chen Sun , Arsha Nagrani , Yonglong Tian , Cordelia Schmid

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to novel object captioning which employs relative contrastive learning to learn visual and semantic alignment. Our approach maximizes compatibility between regions and object tags in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jiashuo Fan , Yaoyuan Liang , Leyao Liu , Shaolun Huang , Lei Zhang

Techniques that learn improved representations via offline data or self-supervised objectives have shown impressive results in traditional reinforcement learning (RL). Nevertheless, it is unclear how improved representation learning can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Vaskar Nath , Dylan Slack , Jeff Da , Yuntao Ma , Hugh Zhang , Spencer Whitehead , Sean Hendryx

Vision Transformer (ViT) self-attention mechanism is characterized by feature collapse in deeper layers, resulting in the vanishing of low-level visual features. However, such features can be helpful to accurately represent and identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Anxhelo Diko , Danilo Avola , Marco Cascio , Luigi Cinque

Visualization literacy assessments typically rely on correctness to classify performance, providing little evidence about how readers arrive at their answers. We argue that gaze can address this gap as an implicit process signal that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Kathrin Schnizer