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Little inquiry has explicitly addressed the role of action spaces in language-guided visual navigation -- either in terms of its effect on navigation success or the efficiency with which a robotic agent could execute the resulting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Jacob Krantz , Aaron Gokaslan , Dhruv Batra , Stefan Lee , Oleksandr Maksymets

Navigation is one of the fundamental tasks for automated exploration in Virtual Reality (VR). Existing technologies primarily focus on path optimization in 360-degree image datasets and 3D simulators, which cannot be directly applied to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xue Qin , Matthew DiGiovanni

Vision-and-Language Navigation requires agents to follow natural-language instructions in visually changing environments. A central challenge is the dynamic entanglement between language and observations: the meaning of instruction shifts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhen Liu , Yuhan Liu , Jinjun Wang , Jianyi Liu , Wei Song , Jingwen Fu

We argue that progress in true multimodal intelligence calls for a shift from reactive, task-driven systems and brute-force long context towards a broader paradigm of supersensing. We frame spatial supersensing as four stages beyond…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Shusheng Yang , Jihan Yang , Pinzhi Huang , Ellis Brown , Zihao Yang , Yue Yu , Shengbang Tong , Zihan Zheng , Yifan Xu , Muhan Wang , Daohan Lu , Rob Fergus , Yann LeCun , Li Fei-Fei , Saining Xie

In this paper we compare learning-based methods and classical methods for navigation in virtual environments. We construct classical navigation agents and demonstrate that they outperform state-of-the-art learning-based agents on two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Noriyuki Kojima , Jia Deng

Spatiotemporal intelligence in autonomous driving (AD) requires an agent to integrate multi-view observations into a coherent scene representation, maintain object continuity across viewpoints and time, and reason about spatial relations,…

Humans excel at efficiently navigating through crowds without collision by focusing on specific visual regions relevant to navigation. However, most robotic visual navigation methods rely on deep learning models pre-trained on vision tasks,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Mohammad Nazeri , Junzhe Wang , Amirreza Payandeh , Xuesu Xiao

In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art model and introduce a new dataset for grounded language learning. Our goal is to develop a model that can learn to follow new instructions given prior instruction-perception-action examples. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Ozan Arkan Can , Deniz Yuret

The rapid advancement of autonomous systems, including self-driving vehicles and drones, has intensified the need to forge true Spatial Intelligence from multi-modal onboard sensor data. While foundation models excel in single-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Song Wang , Lingdong Kong , Xiaolu Liu , Hao Shi , Wentong Li , Jianke Zhu , Steven C. H. Hoi

We introduce a learning-based approach for room navigation using semantic maps. Our proposed architecture learns to predict top-down belief maps of regions that lie beyond the agent's field of view while modeling architectural and stylistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Medhini Narasimhan , Erik Wijmans , Xinlei Chen , Trevor Darrell , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh , Amanpreet Singh

Visual Spatial Reasoning (VSR) is a core human cognitive ability and a critical requirement for advancing embodied intelligence and autonomous systems. Despite recent progress in Vision-Language Models (VLMs), achieving human-level VSR…

Numerous past works have tackled the problem of task-driven navigation. But, how to effectively explore a new environment to enable a variety of down-stream tasks has received much less attention. In this work, we study how agents can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Tao Chen , Saurabh Gupta , Abhinav Gupta

Spatial transcriptomics assays are rapidly increasing in scale and complexity, making computational analysis a major bottleneck in biological discovery. Although frontier AI agents have improved dramatically at software engineering and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kenny Workman , Zhen Yang , Harihara Muralidharan , Hannah Le

We introduce a method for real-time navigation and tracking with differentiably rendered world models. Learning models for control has led to impressive results in robotics and computer games, but this success has yet to be extended to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Baris Kayalibay , Atanas Mirchev , Patrick van der Smagt , Justin Bayer

In recent years, the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) has attracted increasing attention due to their potential in a variety of practical applications. The application of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Jinzhou Lin , Han Gao , Xuxiang Feng , Rongtao Xu , Changwei Wang , Man Zhang , Li Guo , Shibiao Xu

Object navigation (ObjectNav) in real-world environments is a complex problem that requires simultaneously addressing multiple challenges, including complex spatial structure, long-horizon planning and semantic understanding. Recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haokun Zhu , Zongtai Li , Zihan Liu , Kevin Guo , Zhengzhi Lin , Yuxin Cai , Guofei Chen , Chen Lv , Wenshan Wang , Jean Oh , Ji Zhang

Not yet. We present SPACE, a benchmark that systematically evaluates spatial cognition in frontier models. Our benchmark builds on decades of research in cognitive science. It evaluates large-scale mapping abilities that are brought to bear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Santhosh Kumar Ramakrishnan , Erik Wijmans , Philipp Kraehenbuehl , Vladlen Koltun

Navigating complex indoor environments requires a deep understanding of the space the robotic agent is acting into to correctly inform the navigation process of the agent towards the goal location. In recent learning-based navigation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Marco Rosano , Antonino Furnari , Luigi Gulino , Corrado Santoro , Giovanni Maria Farinella

Existing Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) task requires agents to follow verbose instructions, ignoring some potentially useful global spatial priors, limiting their capability to reason about spatial structures. Although human-readable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Kehan Chen , Yan Huang , Dong An , Jiawei He , Yifei Su , Jing Liu , Nianfeng Liu , Liang Wang

We present Success weighted by Completion Time (SCT), a new metric for evaluating navigation performance for mobile robots. Several related works on navigation have used Success weighted by Path Length (SPL) as the primary method of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Naoki Yokoyama , Sehoon Ha , Dhruv Batra