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Vast numbers of qubits will be needed for large-scale quantum computing due to the overheads associated with error correction. We present a scheme for low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation based on quantum low-density parity-check…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Lawrence Z. Cohen , Isaac H. Kim , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

In pursuit of large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation, quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been established as promising candidates for low-overhead memory when compared to conventional approaches based on surface…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Zhiyang He , Alexander Cowtan , Dominic J. Williamson , Theodore J. Yoder

We introduce a high-dimensional cubical complex, for any dimension t>0, and apply it to the design of quantum locally testable codes. Our complex is a natural generalization of the constructions by Panteleev and Kalachev and by Dinur et. al…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Irit Dinur , Ting-Chun Lin , Thomas Vidick

Transversal gates play a crucial role in suppressing error propagation in fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet they are intrinsically constrained: any nontrivial code encoding a single logical qubit admits only a finite subgroup of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Chao Zhang , Zipeng Wu , Shilin Huang , Bei Zeng

Quantum computing relies on quantum error correction for high-fidelity logical operations, but scaling to achieve near-term quantum utility is highly resource-intensive. High-rate quantum LDPC codes can reduce error correction overhead, yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Laura Pecorari , Francesco Paolo Guerci , Hugo Perrin , Guido Pupillo

We introduce and analyze a family of Clifford-deformed bivariate bicycle codes that are tailored for biased noise. Our qLDPC codes are defined on a bipartite hexagonal lattice with limited-range gates and low-weight stabilizers. The code is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-03 Catherine Leroux , Joseph K. Iverson

Logical gates constitute the building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computation. While quantum error-corrected memories have been extensively studied in the literature, explicit constructions and detailed analyses of thresholds and…

In this short review, I draw attention to new developments in the theory of fault tolerance in quantum computation that may give concrete direction to future work in the development of superconducting qubit systems. The basics of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 David P. DiVincenzo

We expose a strong connection between good $2$-query locally testable codes (LTCs) and high dimensional expanders. Here, an LTC is called good if it has constant rate and linear distance. Our emphasis in this work is on LTCs testable with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Uriya A. First , Tali Kaufman

We propose fault-tolerant encoders for quantum low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. By grouping qubits within a quantum code over contiguous blocks and applying preshared entanglement across these blocks, we show how transversal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-27 Abhi Kumar Sharma , Shayan Srinivasa Garani

We present a general approach to designing capacity-approaching high-girth low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes that are friendly to hardware implementation. Our methodology starts by defining a new class of "hierarchical" quasi-cyclic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Yige Wang , Stark C. Draper , Jonathan S. Yedidia

Stabilizer codes are a simple and successful class of quantum error-correcting codes. Yet this success comes in spite of some harsh limitations on the ability of these codes to fault-tolerantly compute. Here we introduce a new metric for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-30 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Aleksander Kubica , Theodore J. Yoder

In this paper, necessary and sufficient conditions for the self-orthogonality of t-generator quasi-cyclic (QC) codes are presented under the Euclidean, Hermitian, and symplectic inner products, respectively. Particularly, by studying the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Mengying Gao , Yuhua Sun , Tongjiang Yan , Chun'e Zhao

We present an efficient decoding algorithm for constant rate quantum hypergraph-product LDPC codes which provably corrects adversarial errors of weight $\Omega(\sqrt{n})$ for codes of length $n$. The algorithm runs in time linear in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-29 Anthony Leverrier , Jean-Pierre Tillich , Gilles Zémor

For a high-rate case, it is difficult to randomly construct good low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes of short and moderate lengths because their Tanner graphs are prone to making short cycles. Also, the existing high-rate quasi-cyclic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Hosung Park , Seokbeom Hong , Jong-Seon No , Dong-Joon Shin

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising candidates towards scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among these, bivariate bicycle (BB) codes offer superior encoding rates and large code distance compared to surface codes.…

Hypergraph product codes are a class of quantum low density parity check (LDPC) codes discovered by Tillich and Z\'emor. These codes have a constant encoding rate and were recently shown to have a constant fault-tolerant error threshold.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Anirudh Krishna , David Poulin

A fundamental problem in fault-tolerant quantum computation is the tradeoff between universality and dimensionality, exemplified by the the Bravyi-K\"onig bound for $n$-dimensional topological stabilizer codes. In this work, we extend…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Ryohei Kobayashi , Guanyu Zhu , Po-Shen Hsin

Quantum LDPC codes may provide a path to build low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, as general LDPC codes lack geometric constraints, na\"ive layouts couple many distant qubits with crossing connections which could be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Maxime A. Tremblay , Nicolas Delfosse , Michael E. Beverland

We show how to perform scalable fault-tolerant non-Clifford gates in two dimensions by introducing domain walls between the surface code and a non-Abelian topological code whose codespace is stabilized by Clifford operators. We formulate a…