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Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a powerful tool for extracting optical and electrical parameters, as well as probing internal structures and surface morphology of materials. However, conventional simulation techniques, such…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-07 Pengfei Zhu , Xavier Maldague

We propose transformed Diffsuion-Wave fractional Physics-Informed Neural Networks (tDWfPINNs) for efficiently solving time-fractional diffusion-wave equations with fractional order $\alpha\in(1,2)$. Conventional numerical methods for these…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Jing Li , Zhengqi Zhang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning a mesh-free, differentiable solution that can be evaluated anywhere in space and time. However, standard space--time PINNs take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen-Yang Dai , Che-Chia Chang , Te-Sheng Lin , Ming-Chih Lai , Chieh-Hsin Lai

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has become a powerful tool for investigating the optical properties of thin films, offering direct access to the complex permittivity in the terahertz range. However, in transmission-based…

Ultrafast optics is driven by a myriad of complex nonlinear dynamics. The ubiquitous presence of governing equations in the form of partial integro-differential equations (PIDE) necessitates the need for advanced computational tools to…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-23 Jonathan Musgrave , Shu-Wei Huang

Artificial intelligence has revolutionized optical device design, overcoming the efficiency bottlenecks of traditional methods. For holographic metasurfaces, conventional iterative algorithms suffer from time-consuming iterations and…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have great potential for flexibility and effectiveness in forward modeling and inversion of seismic waves. However, coordinate-based neural networks (NNs) commonly suffer from the "spectral bias"…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-19 Yi Ding , Su Chen , Hiroe Miyake , Xiaojun Li

We propose a new approach to the solution of the wave propagation and full waveform inversions (FWIs) based on a recent advance in deep learning called Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). In this study, we present an algorithm for…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

We present an implementation of the single-pixel imaging approach into a terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) system. We demonstrate the indirect coherent reconstruction of THz temporal waveforms at each spatial position of an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-19 Luca Zanotto , Riccardo Piccoli , Junliang Dong , Diego Caraffini , Roberto Morandotti , Luca Razzari

Heat propagation is governed by phonon interactions and mathematically described by partial differential equations (PDEs), which link thermal transport to the intrinsic properties of materials. Conventional experimental techniques infer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-05 Pengfei Zhu , Hai Zhang , Clemente Ibarra-Castanedo , Xavier Maldague , Andreas Mandelis

In this work, the detection of terahertz (THz) pulse via different schemes of THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), including electro-optic sampling (EOS) and photoconductive sampling (PCS), has been reviewed by insisting on its…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-17 Jiayu Zhao

Accurately simulating wave propagation is crucial in fields such as acoustics, electromagnetism, and seismic analysis. Traditional numerical methods, like finite difference and finite element approaches, are widely used to solve governing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Victorita Dolean , Daria Hrebenshchykova , Stéphane Lanteri , Victor Michel-Dansac

This study explores the potential of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for the realization of digital twins (DT) from various perspectives. First, various adaptive sampling approaches for collocation points are investigated to verify…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-05-21 Sunwoong Yang , Hojin Kim , Yoonpyo Hong , Kwanjung Yee , Romit Maulik , Namwoo Kang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising numerical method based on deep learning for modeling boundary value problems, showcasing promising results in various fields. In this work, we use PINNs to discretize…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-10 Michel Nohra , Steven Dufour

Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) systems have emerged as mature technologies with significant potential across various research fields and industries. However, the lack of standardized methods for signal and noise estimation and…

Non-destructive testing is an important technique for detecting defects in multi-layer materials, enabling the evaluation of structural integrity without causing damage on test materials. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) offers…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-10 Dogus Can Sevdiren , Furkan H. Ilgac , Aydin Sezgin

Studying physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for modeling partial differential equations to solve the acoustic wave field has produced promising results for simple geometries in two-dimensional domains. One option is to compute the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Stefan Schoder , Aneta Furmanová , Viktor Hruška

Terahertz (THz) imaging is one of the hotspots in the field of optics, where the depth information retrieval is a key factor to restore the three-dimensional appearance of objects. Impressive results for depth extraction in visible and…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-09 Mingjun Xiang , Hui Yuan , Kai Zhou , Hartmut G. Roskos

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative for solving partial differential equations, offering a mesh-free framework that incorporates physical laws directly into the learning process. In this…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Gal G. Shaviner , Hemanth Chandravamsi , Shimon Pisnoy , Ziv Chen , Steven H. Frankel
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