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Although LLMs have shown promising potential in vulnerability detection, this study reveals their limitations in distinguishing between vulnerable and similar-but-benign patched code (only 0.06 - 0.14 accuracy). It shows that LLMs struggle…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xueying Du , Geng Zheng , Kaixin Wang , Yi Zou , Yujia Wang , Wentai Deng , Jiayi Feng , Mingwei Liu , Bihuan Chen , Xin Peng , Tao Ma , Yiling Lou

The increasing reliance on software in various applications has made the problem of software vulnerability detection more critical. Software vulnerabilities can lead to security breaches, data theft, and other negative outcomes. Traditional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Saadh Jawwadh , Guhanathan Poravi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional progress in multiple domains of software engineering including software vulnerability detection. Using LLMs to automate vulnerability detection in the wild is an important and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rijha Safdar , Danyail Mateen , Syed Taha Ali , Wajahat Hussain

Software vulnerabilities are increasing at an alarming rate. However, manual patching is both time-consuming and resource-intensive, while existing automated vulnerability repair (AVR) techniques remain limited in effectiveness. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zichao Wei , Jun Zeng , Ming Wen , Zeliang Yu , Kai Cheng , Yiding Zhu , Jingyi Guo , Shiqi Zhou , Le Yin , Xiaodong Su , Zhechao Ma

Recognizing vulnerabilities in stripped binary files presents a significant challenge in software security. Although some progress has been made in generating human-readable information from decompiled binary files with Large Language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nasir Hussain , Haohan Chen , Chanh Tran , Philip Huang , Zhuohao Li , Pravir Chugh , William Chen , Ashish Kundu , Yuan Tian

Although Deep Learning (DL) methods becoming increasingly popular in vulnerability detection, their performance is seriously limited by insufficient training data. This is mainly because few existing software organizations can maintain a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Peiheng Zhou , Ming Hu , Xingrun Quan , Yawen Peng , Xiaofei Xie , Yanxin Yang , Chengwei Liu , Yueming Wu , Mingsong Chen

Security vulnerabilities present in a code that has been written in diverse programming languages are among the most critical yet complicated aspects of source code to detect. Static analysis tools based on rule-based patterns usually do…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hael Abdulhakim Ali Humran , Ferdi Sonmez

The significant increase in software production driven by automation and faster development lifecycles has resulted in a corresponding surge in software vulnerabilities. In parallel, the evolving landscape of software vulnerability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yuejun Guo , Constantinos Patsakis , Qiang Hu , Qiang Tang , Fran Casino

The advances of deep learning (DL) have paved the way for automatic software vulnerability repair approaches, which effectively learn the mapping from the vulnerable code to the fixed code. Nevertheless, existing DL-based vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xin Zhou , Kisub Kim , Bowen Xu , DongGyun Han , David Lo

Code large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable advances in code understanding, completion, and generation tasks. Programming benchmarks, comprised of a selection of code challenges and corresponding test cases, serve as a standard…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have highlighted the potential for vulnerability detection, a crucial component of software quality assurance. Despite this progress, most studies have been limited to the perspective of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhenyu Mao , Jialong Li , Dongming Jin , Munan Li , Kenji Tei

Large Language Models (LLMs) are acquiring a wider range of capabilities, including understanding and responding in multiple languages. While they undergo safety training to prevent them from answering illegal questions, imbalances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Likai Tang , Niruth Bogahawatta , Yasod Ginige , Jiarui Xu , Shixuan Sun , Surangika Ranathunga , Suranga Seneviratne

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential in vulnerability detection (VD). However, accurately detecting vulnerabilities in real-world repositories requires reasoning over complex contextual interactions. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Youpeng Li , Fuxun Yu , Weiliang Qi , Xinda Wang

Vulnerability detection is crucial to protect software security. Nowadays, deep learning (DL) is the most promising technique to automate this detection task, leveraging its superior ability to extract patterns and representations within…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yuejun Guo , Qiang Hu , Qiang Tang , Yves Le Traon

Software Vulnerability (SV) assessment is a crucial process of determining different aspects of SVs (e.g., attack vectors and scope) for developers to effectively prioritize efforts in vulnerability mitigation. It presents a challenging and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Xin-Cheng Wen , Jiaxin Ye , Cuiyun Gao , Lianwei Wu , Qing Liao

The impact of software vulnerabilities on everyday software systems is significant. Despite deep learning models being proposed for vulnerability detection, their reliability is questionable. Prior evaluations show high recall/F1 scores of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Partha Chakraborty , Krishna Kanth Arumugam , Mahmoud Alfadel , Meiyappan Nagappan , Shane McIntosh

While automated vulnerability detection techniques have made promising progress in detecting security vulnerabilities, their scalability and applicability remain challenging. The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Avishree Khare , Saikat Dutta , Ziyang Li , Alaia Solko-Breslin , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik

Code cloning, the duplication of code fragments, is common in software development. While some reuse aids productivity, excessive cloning hurts maintainability and introduces bugs. Hence, automatic code clone detection is vital. Meanwhile,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shihan Dou , Junjie Shan , Haoxiang Jia , Wenhao Deng , Zhiheng Xi , Wei He , Yueming Wu , Tao Gui , Yang Liu , Xuanjing Huang

Software supply chain vulnerabilities arise when attackers exploit weaknesses by injecting vulnerable code into widely used packages or libraries within software repositories. While most existing approaches focus on identifying vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Sajal Halder , Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Seyit Camtepe

Language models (LMs) show promise for vulnerability detection but struggle with long, real-world code due to sparse and uncertain vulnerability locations. These issues, exacerbated by token limits, often cause models to miss…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Xinran Zheng , Xingzhi Qian , Huichi Zhou , Shuo Yang , Yiling He , Suman Jana , Lorenzo Cavallaro