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Visual navigation is essential for many applications in robotics, from manipulation, through mobile robotics to automated driving. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides an elegant map-free approach integrating image processing,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Jonáš Kulhánek , Erik Derner , Robert Babuška

For human drivers, having rear and side-view mirrors is vital for safe driving. They deliver a more complete view of what is happening around the car. Human drivers also heavily exploit their mental map for navigation. Nonetheless, several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Simon Hecker , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

3D vision foundation models have shown strong generalization in reconstructing key 3D attributes from uncalibrated images through a single feed-forward pass. However, when deployed in online settings such as driving scenarios, predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Fengyi Zhang , Tianjun Zhang , Kasra Khosoussi , Zheng Zhang , Zi Huang , Yadan Luo

Off-road autonomous driving poses significant challenges such as navigating unmapped, variable terrain with uncertain and diverse dynamics. Addressing these challenges requires effective long-horizon planning and adaptable control.…

Due to the powerful vision-language reasoning and generalization abilities, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have garnered significant attention in the field of end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving. However, their application to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xueyi Liu , Zuodong Zhong , Yuxin Guo , Yun-Fu Liu , Zhiguo Su , Qichao Zhang , Junli Wang , Yinfeng Gao , Yupeng Zheng , Qiao Lin , Huiyong Chen , Dongbin Zhao

In image retrieval, standard evaluation metrics rely on score ranking, e.g. average precision (AP). In this paper, we introduce a method for robust and decomposable average precision (ROADMAP) addressing two major challenges for end-to-end…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Elias Ramzi , Nicolas Thome , Clément Rambour , Nicolas Audebert , Xavier Bitot

Reconstructing dynamic 3D urban scenes is crucial for autonomous driving, yet current methods face a stark trade-off between fidelity and computational cost. This inefficiency stems from their semantically agnostic design, which allocates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Ying A , Wenzhang Sun , Chang Zeng , Chunfeng Wang , Hao Li , Jianxun Cui

We learn, in an unsupervised way, an embedding from sequences of radar images that is suitable for solving the place recognition problem with complex radar data. Our method is based on invariant instance feature learning but is tailored for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Matthew Gadd , Daniele De Martini , Paul Newman

Robust reinforcement learning (Robust RL) seeks to handle epistemic uncertainty in environment dynamics, but existing approaches often rely on nested min--max optimization, which is computationally expensive and yields overly conservative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Chenliang Li , Junyu Leng , Jiaxiang Li , Youbang Sun , Shixiang Chen , Shahin Shahrampour , Alfredo Garcia

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can mitigate the causal confusion and distribution shift inherent to imitation learning (IL). However, applying RL to end-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) remains an open problem for its training difficulty,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhenjie Yang , Xiaosong Jia , Qifeng Li , Xue Yang , Maoqing Yao , Junchi Yan

End-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving aims to directly map sensory observations to driving actions, but its real-world deployment is hindered by evolving data distributions and the high cost of continual annotation. While combining imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ziang Guo , Chen Min , Xuefeng Zhang , Yixiao Zhou , Shuo Wang , Sifa Zheng , Dzmitry Tsetserukou , Zufeng Zhang

Autonomous flight in GPS-denied indoor spaces requires trajectories that keep visual-localization error tightly bounded across varied missions. Map-based visual localization methods such as feature matching require computationally intensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Juyeop Han , Lukas Lao Beyer , Guilherme V. Cavalheiro , Sertac Karaman

This study addresses a gap in the utilization of Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques in solving the Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem (SVRP) that involves the challenging task of optimizing vehicle routes under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Zangir Iklassov , Ikboljon Sobirov , Ruben Solozabal , Martin Takac

High-Fidelity 3D scene reconstruction plays a crucial role in autonomous driving by enabling novel data generation from existing datasets. This allows simulating safety-critical scenarios and augmenting training datasets without incurring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Pou-Chun Kung , Skanda Harisha , Ram Vasudevan , Aline Eid , Katherine A. Skinner

3D line mapping from multi-view RGB images provides a compact and structured visual representation of scenes. We study the problem from a physical and topological perspective: a 3D line most naturally emerges as the edge of a finite 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zeran Ke , Bin Tan , Gui-Song Xia , Yujun Shen , Nan Xue

Designing efficient transit route networks is an NP-hard problem with exponentially large solution spaces that traditionally relies on manual planning processes. We present an end-to-end reinforcement learning (RL) framework based on graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Bibek Poudel , Weizi Li

In this paper, we address the issue of increasing the performance of reinforcement learning (RL) solutions for autonomous racing cars when navigating under conditions where practical vehicle modelling errors (commonly known as \emph{model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Andrew Murdoch , Johannes Cornelius Schoeman , Hendrik Willem Jordaan

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) allows mobile robots to navigate without external positioning systems or pre-existing maps. Radar is emerging as a valuable sensing tool, especially in vision-obstructed environments, as it is…

Accurate 3D reconstruction of vehicles is vital for applications such as vehicle inspection, predictive maintenance, and urban planning. Existing methods like Neural Radiance Fields and Gaussian Splatting have shown impressive results but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Davide Di Nucci , Matteo Tomei , Guido Borghi , Luca Ciuffreda , Roberto Vezzani , Rita Cucchiara

Autonomous vehicles demand high accuracy and robustness of perception algorithms. To develop efficient and scalable perception algorithms, the maximum information should be extracted from the available sensor data. In this work, we present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Sebastian Huch , Florian Sauerbeck , Johannes Betz