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CPU-GPU heterogeneous systems are now commonly used in HPC (High-Performance Computing). However, improving the utilization and energy-efficiency of such systems is still one of the most critical issues. As one single program typically…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Eishi Arima , Minjoon Kang , Issa Saba , Josef Weidendorfer , Carsten Trinitis , Martin Schulz

In ours days data centers provide the global community an indispensable service: nearly unlimited access to almost any kind of information we can imagine by supporting most Internet services such as: Web hosting and E-commerce services.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-05-28 Iulia Dumitru , Grigore Stamatescu , Ioana Fagarasan , Sergiu Stelian Iliescu

Energy consumption has become a bottleneck for future computing architectures, from wearable devices to leadership-class supercomputers. Existing energy management techniques largely target CPUs, even though GPUs now dominate power draw in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Xiongxiao Xu , Solomon Abera Bekele , Brice Videau , Kai Shu

New HPC machines are getting close to the exascale. Power consumption for those machines has been increasing, and researchers are studying ways to reduce it. A second trend is HPC machines' growing complexity, with increasing heterogeneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Marco D'Amico , Julita Corbalan

We examine the computational energy requirements of different systems driven by the geometrical scaling law, and increasing use of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning (AI-ML) over the last decade. With more scientific and technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sadasivan Shankar , Albert Reuther

As AI inference scales to billions of queries and emerging reasoning and agentic workflows increase token demand, reliable estimates of per-query energy use are increasingly important for capacity planning, emissions accounting, and…

Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm has the benefits of programmable network elements by separating the control and the forwarding planes, efficiency through optimized routing and flexibility in network management. As the energy…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Beakal Gizachew Assefa , Öznur Özkasap

This study presents a benchmarking analysis of the Qualcomm Cloud AI 100 Ultra (QAic) accelerator for large language model (LLM) inference, evaluating its energy efficiency (throughput per watt), performance, and hardware scalability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Mohammad Firas Sada , John J. Graham , Elham E Khoda , Mahidhar Tatineni , Dmitry Mishin , Rajesh K. Gupta , Rick Wagner , Larry Smarr , Thomas A. DeFanti , Frank Würthwein

Modern exascale GPU- and APU-based systems provide multiple power and energy sensors, but differences in scope, update rate, timing, and filtering complicate the attribution of short-lived accelerator activity. This paper presents a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Adam McDaniel , Michael Jantz , Ashesh Sharma , Steve Abbott , Steven Martin , Shreyas Khandekar , Brandon Neth , Bruno Villasenor Alvarez , Aditya Kashi , Wael Elwasif , Oscar Hernandez

The exponential growth of digital services has positioned data centers among the most energy-intensive infrastructures in the modern economy, raising critical concerns regarding operational costs, carbon emissions, and the sustainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Abderaouf Bahi , Amel Ourici , Hasan Dincer , Serhat Yuksel , Akila Djebbar

GPUs are prevalent in modern computing systems at all scales. They consume a significant fraction of the energy in these systems. However, vendors do not publish the actual cost of the power/energy overhead of their internal…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Yehia Arafa , Ammar ElWazir , Abdelrahman ElKanishy , Youssef Aly , Ayatelrahman Elsayed , Abdel-Hameed Badawy , Gopinath Chennupati , Stephan Eidenbenz , Nandakishore Santhi

Fine-grained power monitoring of software activities becomes unavoidable to maximize the power usage efficiency of data centers. In particular, achieving an optimal scheduling of containers requires the deployment of software-defined…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Guillaume Fieni , Romain Rouvoy , Lionel Seinturier

IT power usage is a significant concern. Data center energy consumption is estimated to account for 1% to 1.5% of all energy consumption worldwide. Hardware designers, data center designers, and other members of the IT community have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Kaushik Dutta , Debra Vandermeer

The energy footprint of global data movement has surpassed 100 terawatt hours, costing more than 20 billion US dollars to the world economy. Depending on the number of switches, routers, and hubs between the source and destination nodes,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Luigi Di Tacchio , Zulkar Nine , Tevfik Kosar , Fatih M. Bulut , Jinho Hwang

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) platforms consume significant energy, introducing high operational costs in edge and data centers. This paper presents a novel framework called GreenNFV that optimizes resource usage for network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-18 MD S Q Zulkar Nine , Tevfik Kosar , Fatih Bulut , Jinho Hwang

The energy demands of data centers are increasing and are expected to grow exponentially. Reducing the energy consumption of data centers decreases operational expenses, as well as their carbon footprint. We design techniques to reduce data…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Garegin Grigoryan , Minseok Kwon

Application energy efficiency can be improved by executing each application component on the compute element that consumes the least energy while also satisfying time constraints. In principle, the function as a service (FaaS) paradigm…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Alok Kamatar , Valerie Hayot-Sasson , Yadu Babuji , Andre Bauer , Gourav Rattihalli , Ninad Hogade , Dejan Milojicic , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster

Edge Computing enables low-latency processing for real-time applications but introduces challenges in power management due to the distributed nature of edge devices and their limited energy resources. This paper proposes a stochastic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Fabio Diniz Rossi

Data center providers seek to minimize their total cost of ownership (TCO), while power consumption has become a social concern. We present formulations to minimize server energy consumption and server cost under three different data center…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Haiyang Qian , Fu Li , Ravishankar Ravindran , Deep Medhi

With the ubiquitous use of modern large language models (LLMs) across industries, the inference serving for these models is ever expanding. Given the high compute and memory requirements of modern LLMs, more and more top-of-the-line GPUs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jovan Stojkovic , Esha Choukse , Chaojie Zhang , Inigo Goiri , Josep Torrellas