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Learning from repeated play in a fixed two-player zero-sum game is a classic problem in game theory and online learning. We consider a variant of this problem where the game payoff matrix changes over time, possibly in an adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Mengxiao Zhang , Peng Zhao , Haipeng Luo , Zhi-Hua Zhou

The minmax regret problem for combinatorial optimization under uncertainty can be viewed as a zero-sum game played between an optimizing player and an adversary, where the optimizing player selects a solution and the adversary selects costs…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Andrew Mastin , Patrick Jaillet , Sang Chin

This paper introduces alignment games, a new class of zero-sum games modeling strategic interventions where effectiveness depends on alignment with an underlying hidden state. Motivated by operational problems in medical diagnostics,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Pedro Cesar Lopes Gerum , Thomas Lidbetter

In two-player zero-sum games, the learning dynamic based on optimistic Hedge achieves one of the best-known regret upper bounds among strongly-uncoupled learning dynamics. With an appropriately chosen learning rate, the social and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Taira Tsuchiya

We introduce DREAM, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm that finds optimal strategies in imperfect-information games with multiple agents. Formally, DREAM converges to a Nash Equilibrium in two-player zero-sum games and to an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Eric Steinberger , Adam Lerer , Noam Brown

Hindsight rationality is an approach to playing general-sum games that prescribes no-regret learning dynamics for individual agents with respect to a set of deviations, and further describes jointly rational behavior among multiple agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Dustin Morrill , Ryan D'Orazio , Marc Lanctot , James R. Wright , Michael Bowling , Amy R. Greenwald

Counterfactual regret minimization is a family of algorithms of no-regret learning dynamics capable of solving large-scale imperfect information games. We propose implementing this algorithm as a series of dense and sparse matrix and vector…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Juho Kim

This work tackles the complexities of multi-player scenarios in \emph{unknown games}, where the primary challenge lies in navigating the uncertainty of the environment through bandit feedback alongside strategic decision-making. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yingru Li , Liangqi Liu , Wenqiang Pu , Hao Liang , Zhi-Quan Luo

In this tutorial article, we give an overview of new challenges and representative results on distributed no-regret learning in multi-agent systems modeled as repeated unknown games. Four emerging game characteristics---dynamicity,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Xiao Xu , Qing Zhao

Hindsight rationality is an approach to playing general-sum games that prescribes no-regret learning dynamics for individual agents with respect to a set of deviations, and further describes jointly rational behavior among multiple agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Dustin Morrill , Ryan D'Orazio , Marc Lanctot , James R. Wright , Michael Bowling , Amy Greenwald

Multi-armed Bandit motivates methods with provable upper bounds on regret and also the counterpart lower bounds have been extensively studied in this context. Recently, Multi-agent Multi-armed Bandit has gained significant traction in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Mengfan Xu , Diego Klabjan

Modeling strategic conflict from a game theoretical perspective involves dealing with epistemic uncertainty. Payoff uncertainty models are typically restricted to simple probability models due to computational restrictions. Recent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Juan Leni , John Levine , John Quigley

We study the problem of online learning with a notion of regret defined with respect to a set of strategies. We develop tools for analyzing the minimax rates and for deriving regret-minimization algorithms in this scenario. While the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-13 Wei Han , Alexander Rakhlin , Karthik Sridharan

In this paper, we consider a distributed learning problem in a subnetwork zero-sum game, where agents are competing in different subnetworks. These agents are connected through time-varying graphs where each agent has its own cost function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-05 Shijie Huang , Jinlong Lei , Yiguang Hong , Uday V. Shanbhag , Jie Chen

An ideal strategy in zero-sum games should not only grant the player an average reward no less than the value of Nash equilibrium, but also exploit the (adaptive) opponents when they are suboptimal. While most existing works in Markov games…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Qinghua Liu , Yuanhao Wang , Chi Jin

Unsupervised skill discovery aims to learn diverse and distinguishable behaviors in open-ended reinforcement learning. For existing methods, they focus on improving diversity through pure exploration, mutual information optimization, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 He Zhang , Ming Zhou , Shaopeng Zhai , Ying Sun , Hui Xiong

A celebrated connection in the interface of online learning and game theory establishes that players minimizing swap regret converge to correlated equilibria (CE) -- a seminal game-theoretic solution concept. Despite the long history of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ioannis Anagnostides , Alkis Kalavasis , Tuomas Sandholm

The problem of matching markets has been studied for a long time in the literature due to its wide range of applications. Finding a stable matching is a common equilibrium objective in this problem. Since market participants are usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Fang Kong , Shuai Li

We study the problem of repeated play in a zero-sum game in which the payoff matrix may change, in a possibly adversarial fashion, on each round; we call these Online Matrix Games. Finding the Nash Equilibrium (NE) of a two player zero-sum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Adrian Rivera Cardoso , Jacob Abernethy , He Wang , Huan Xu

Learning in games refers to scenarios where multiple players interact in a shared environment, each aiming to minimize their regret. An equilibrium can be computed at a fast rate of $O(1/T)$ when all players follow the optimistic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Taira Tsuchiya , Shinji Ito , Haipeng Luo