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Vision-language-action (VLA) models have emerged as generalist robotic controllers capable of mapping visual observations and natural language instructions to continuous action sequences. However, VLAs provide no calibrated measure of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lingling Chen , Zongyao Lyu , William J. Beksi

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in scene understanding and perception tasks, enabling robots to plan and execute actions adaptively in dynamic environments. However, most multimodal large language models lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Guoqin Tang , Qingxuan Jia , Zeyuan Huang , Gang Chen , Ning Ji , Zhipeng Yao

Visual language tracking (VLT) has emerged as a cutting-edge research area, harnessing linguistic data to enhance algorithms with multi-modal inputs and broadening the scope of traditional single object tracking (SOT) to encompass video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xuchen Li , Shiyu Hu , Xiaokun Feng , Dailing Zhang , Meiqi Wu , Jing Zhang , Kaiqi Huang

Human-scene vision-language tasks are increasingly prevalent in diverse social applications, yet recent advancements predominantly rely on models specifically tailored to individual tasks. Emerging research indicates that large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Dawei Dai , Xu Long , Li Yutang , Zhang Yuanhui , Shuyin Xia

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in multimodal reasoning tasks. However, their widespread accessibility raises critical concerns about potential copyright infringement. Will LVLMs accurately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Naen Xu , Jinghuai Zhang , Changjiang Li , Hengyu An , Chunyi Zhou , Jun Wang , Boyu Xu , Yuyuan Li , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji

With the surge of large language models (LLMs), Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs)--which integrate vision encoders with LLMs for accurate visual grounding--have shown great potential in tasks like generalist agents and robotic control.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hongyu Zhu , Sichu Liang , Wenwen Wang , Boheng Li , Tongxin Yuan , Fangqi Li , ShiLin Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang

Jailbreak attacks pose a serious threat to the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) by crafting adversarial prompts that bypass alignment mechanisms, causing the models to produce harmful, restricted, or biased content. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Xiangman Li , Xiaodong Wu , Qi Li , Jianbing Ni , Rongxing Lu

Despite the success of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various fields, their potential to generate untruthful, biased and harmful responses poses significant risks, particularly in critical applications. This highlights the urgent need…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mengdi Zhang , Kai Kiat Goh , Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun , Rose Lin Xin , Hongyu Zhang

Adverse social interactions, such as bullying, harassment, and other illicit activities, pose significant threats to individual well-being and public safety, leaving profound impacts on physical and mental health. However, these critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Hongjun An , Yiliang Song , Jiawei Shao , Zhe Sun , Xuelong Li

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance across many tasks, yet prior studies report unsatisfactory performance when applying large language or multimodal models to finding abnormal patterns in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaona Zhou , Muntasir Wahed , Tianjiao Yu , Constantin Brif , Ismini Lourentzou

Ensuring safety remains a key challenge for autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially in rare and complex scenarios. One critical but understudied aspect is the \textbf{potential risk} situations, where the risk is \textbf{not yet observable}…

In the vast and dynamic landscape of urban settings, Traffic Safety Description and Analysis plays a pivotal role in applications ranging from insurance inspection to accident prevention. This paper introduces CityLLaVA, a novel fine-tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zhizhao Duan , Hao Cheng , Duo Xu , Xi Wu , Xiangxie Zhang , Xi Ye , Zhen Xie

The fusion of language and vision in large vision-language models (LVLMs) has revolutionized deep learning-based object detection by enhancing adaptability, contextual reasoning, and generalization beyond traditional architectures. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ranjan Sapkota , Manoj Karkee

Vision-language models (VLMs) often inherit the biases and unsafe associations present within their large-scale training dataset. While recent approaches mitigate unsafe behaviors, their evaluation focuses on how safe the model is on unsafe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Moreno D'Incà , Elia Peruzzo , Xingqian Xu , Humphrey Shi , Nicu Sebe , Massimiliano Mancini

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved strong results in video understanding, yet a key question remains: do they truly comprehend visual content or only learn shallow correlations between vision and language? Real visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zongxia Li , Xiyang Wu , Guangyao Shi , Yubin Qin , Hongyang Du , Fuxiao Liu , Tianyi Zhou , Dinesh Manocha , Jordan Lee Boyd-Graber

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled mobile agents to perceive and interact with real-world mobile environments based on human instructions. However, the current fully autonomous paradigm poses potential safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Qihang Ai , Pi Bu , Yue Cao , Yingyao Wang , Jihao Gu , Jingxuan Xing , Zekun Zhu , Wei Jiang , Zhicheng Zheng , Jun Song , Yuning Jiang

Software security vulnerabilities allow attackers to perform malicious activities to disrupt software operations. Recent Transformer-based language models have significantly advanced vulnerability detection, surpassing the capabilities of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Haoye Tian , He Ye , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues

We introduce VLM-Lens, a toolkit designed to enable systematic benchmarking, analysis, and interpretation of vision-language models (VLMs) by supporting the extraction of intermediate outputs from any layer during the forward pass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hala Sheta , Eric Huang , Shuyu Wu , Ilia Alenabi , Jiajun Hong , Ryker Lin , Ruoxi Ning , Daniel Wei , Jialin Yang , Jiawei Zhou , Ziqiao Ma , Freda Shi

Current video generation models produce physically inconsistent motion that violates real-world dynamics. We propose TrajVLM-Gen, a two-stage framework for physics-aware image-to-video generation. First, we employ a Vision Language Model to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Fan Yang , Zhiyang Chen , Yousong Zhu , Xin Li , Jinqiao Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs), which process image and text inputs, are increasingly integrated into chat assistants and other consumer AI applications. Without proper safeguards, however, VLMs may give harmful advice (e.g. how to…