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There has been a surge in the use of large language models (LLM) conversational agents to generate responses based on long-term history from multiple sessions. However, existing long-term open-domain dialogue datasets lack complex,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Xintong Li , Jalend Bantupalli , Ria Dharmani , Yuwei Zhang , Jingbo Shang

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly capable, security and safety evaluation are crucial. While current red teaming approaches have made strides in assessing LLM vulnerabilities, they often rely heavily on human input and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Andy Zhou , Kevin Wu , Francesco Pinto , Zhaorun Chen , Yi Zeng , Yu Yang , Shuang Yang , Sanmi Koyejo , James Zou , Bo Li

Building systems that can communicate with humans is a core problem in Artificial Intelligence. This work proposes a novel neural network architecture for response selection in an end-to-end multi-turn conversational dialogue setting. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Debanjan Chaudhuri , Agustinus Kristiadi , Jens Lehmann , Asja Fischer

Agentic large language model (LLM) training often involves multi-turn interaction trajectories that branch into multiple execution paths due to concurrent tool use, think-mode, sub-agent, context management and other runtime designs. As a…

Most deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems are not able to learn effectively from off-policy data, especially if they cannot explore online in the environment. These are critical shortcomings for applying RL to real-world problems where…

Large language models (LLMs) provide excellent text-generation capabilities, but standard prompting and generation methods generally do not lead to intentional or goal-directed agents and might necessitate considerable prompt tuning. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Marwa Abdulhai , Isadora White , Charlie Snell , Charles Sun , Joey Hong , Yuexiang Zhai , Kelvin Xu , Sergey Levine

Many task-oriented dialogue systems use deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to learn policies that respond to the user appropriately and complete the tasks successfully. Training DRL agents with diverse dialogue trajectories prepare them well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Zhiwen Tang , Hrishikesh Kulkarni , Grace Hui Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful and general solutions to many natural language tasks. However, many of the most important applications of language generation are interactive, where an agent has to talk to a person to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Joey Hong , Sergey Levine , Anca Dragan

In this paper, we present a neural network based task-oriented dialogue system that can be optimized end-to-end with deep reinforcement learning (RL). The system is able to track dialogue state, interface with knowledge bases, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Bing Liu , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Pararth Shah , Larry Heck

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Ling Shi , Xiaoning Ren , Yaowen Zheng , Yang Liu , Yinxing Xue

As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity, traditional security mechanisms struggle to keep up. Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in cybersecurity due to their advanced capabilities in text processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Tiago Dinis , Miguel Correia , Roger Tavares

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance in capability and influence, ensuring their security and preventing harmful outputs has become crucial. A promising approach to address these concerns involves training models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Muxi Diao , Rumei Li , Shiyang Liu , Guogang Liao , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Weiran Xu

Multi-turn conversational attacks, which leverage psychological principles like Foot-in-the-Door (FITD), where a small initial request paves the way for a more significant one, to bypass safety alignments, pose a persistent threat to Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Adarsh Kumarappan , Ananya Mujoo

Recent studies have shown that deep reinforcement learning (DRL) policies are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which raise concerns about applications of DRL to safety-critical systems. In this work, we adopt a principled way and study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Chao Wang

In recent years, the security vulnerabilities of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a serious concern in the Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) research. These highly intelligent models, capable of performing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Badhan Chandra Das , Md Tasnim Jawad , Joaquin Molto , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing but remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, especially multi-turn jailbreaks that distribute malicious intent across benign exchanges and bypass alignment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Javad Rafiei Asl , Sidhant Narula , Mohammad Ghasemigol , Eduardo Blanco , Daniel Takabi

Recent advances have enabled LLM-powered AI agents to autonomously execute complex tasks by combining language model reasoning with tools, memory, and web access. But can these systems be trusted to follow deployment policies in realistic…

Robots need task planning methods to achieve goals that require more than individual actions. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in task planning. LLMs can generate a step-by-step solution using…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in diverse real-world settings, yet remain vulnerable to jailbreaking, where prompt-based attacks bypass safety filters. We present THREAT (Targeted Harmful generation via Reframing and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Shahnewaz Karim Sakib , Swati Kar , Anindya Bijoy Das

We introduce a Reinforcement Learning Psychotherapy AI Companion that generates topic recommendations for therapists based on patient responses. The system uses Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to generate multi-objective policies for four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Baihan Lin , Guillermo Cecchi , Djallel Bouneffouf