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Related papers: CardioBench: Do Echocardiography Foundation Models…

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Foundation models have transformed natural language processing and computer vision, and a rapidly growing literature on time-series foundation models (TSFMs) seeks to replicate this success in forecasting. While recent open-source models…

Current deep learning algorithms designed for automatic ECG analysis have exhibited notable accuracy. However, akin to traditional electrocardiography, they tend to be narrowly focused and typically address a singular diagnostic condition.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-14 Nils Strodthoff , Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz , Wilhelm Haverkamp

Echocardiography interpretation requires integrating multi-view temporal evidence with quantitative measurements and guideline-grounded reasoning, yet existing foundation-model pipelines largely solve isolated subtasks and fail when tool…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Moein Heidari , Ali Mehrabian , Mohammad Amin Roohi , Wenjin Chen , David J. Foran , Jasmine Grewal , Ilker Hacihaliloglu

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have witnessed the emergence of large-scale deep learning models capable of interpreting and generating both textual and imaging data. Such models, typically referred to as foundation models, are…

Federated learning (FL) offers a privacy-preserving paradigm for collaborative medical image analysis without sharing raw data. However, the absence of standardized benchmarks for medical image segmentation hinders fair and comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Meilu Zhu , Zhiwei Wang , Axiu Mao , Yuxing Li , Xiaohan Xing , Yixuan Yuan , Edmund Y. Lam

Comprehensive evaluation of the recommendation capabilities of existing foundation models across diverse datasets and domains is essential for advancing the development of recommendation foundation models. In this study, we introduce…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Qijiong Liu , Jieming Zhu , Yingxin Lai , Xiaoyu Dong , Lu Fan , Zhipeng Bian , Zhenhua Dong , Xiao-Ming Wu

Deep learning has led to remarkable advancements in computational histopathology, e.g., in diagnostics, biomarker prediction, and outcome prognosis. Yet, the lack of annotated data and the impact of batch effects, e.g., systematic technical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Jonah Kömen , Hannah Marienwald , Jonas Dippel , Julius Hense

Tabular foundation models such as TabPFN and TabICL already produce full predictive distributions, yet prevailing regression benchmarks evaluate them almost exclusively via point-estimate metrics (RMSE, $R^2$). This discards precisely the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jonas Landsgesell , Pascal Knoll , Tizian Wenzel

Electrocardiogram (ECG) can be reliably used as a measure to monitor the functionality of the cardiovascular system. Recently, there has been a great attention towards accurate categorization of heartbeats. While there are many…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Mohammad Kachuee , Shayan Fazeli , Majid Sarrafzadeh

Hospitals and healthcare systems rely on operational decisions that determine patient flow, cost, and quality of care. Despite strong performance on medical knowledge and conversational benchmarks, foundation models trained on general text…

The alarmingly high mortality rate and increasing global prevalence of cardiovascular diseases signify the crucial need for early detection schemes. Phonocardiogram (PCG) signals have been historically applied in this domain owing to its…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Samiul Based Shuvo , Shams Nafisa Ali , Soham Irtiza Swapnil , Mabrook S. Al-Rakhami , Abdu Gumaei

The deep learning field is converging towards the use of general foundation models that can be easily adapted for diverse tasks. While this paradigm shift has become common practice within the field of natural language processing, progress…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Joana Palés Huix , Adithya Raju Ganeshan , Johan Fredin Haslum , Magnus Söderberg , Christos Matsoukas , Kevin Smith

Intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) offers high-signal-to-noise access to cortical activity for brain-computer interfaces, yet limited per-patient data has led most prior work to rely on small, subject-specific decoders that neglect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Liuyin Yang , Qiang Sun , Bob Van Dyck , Eva Calvo Merino , Marc M. Van Hulle

The classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is crucial for early detection of arrhythmias and other cardiac conditions. However, despite advances in machine learning, many studies fail to follow standardization protocols, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Guilherme Silva , Pedro Silva , Gladston Moreira , Vander Freitas , Jadson Gertrudes , Eduardo Luz

Developing robust and versatile deep-learning models is essential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding clinical interventions in medical imaging, but it requires a large amount of annotated data. The advancement of deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Nahid Ul Islam , DongAo Ma , Jiaxuan Pang , Shivasakthi Senthil Velan , Michael Gotway , Jianming Liang

This work presents an extensive hyperparameter search on Image Diffusion Models for Echocardiogram generation. The objective is to establish foundational benchmarks and provide guidelines within the realm of ultrasound image and video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Hadrien Reynaud , Bernhard Kainz

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) are increasingly being adopted as highly-capable general-purpose time series representation learners. Although their training corpora are vast, they exclude astronomical time series data. Observations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-19 Weijian Li , Hong-Yu Chen , Nabeel Rehemtulla , Ved G. Shah , Dennis Wu , Dongho Kim , Qinjie Lin , Adam A. Miller , Han Liu

In real-world clinical practice, electrocardiograms (ECGs) are often captured and shared as photographs. However, publicly available ECG data, and thus most related research, relies on digital signals. This has led to a disconnect in which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Xiaoyu Wang , Ramesh Nadarajah , Zhiqiang Zhang , David Wong

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful technique in structural biology and drug discovery, enabling the study of biomolecules at high resolution. Significant advancements by structural biologists using cryo-EM have led to the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-05 Yi Zhou , Yilai Li , Jing Yuan , Quanquan Gu

Foundation models (FMs) are driving a prominent shift in biomedical imaging from task-specific models to unified backbone models for diverse tasks. This opens an avenue to integrate imaging, pathology, clinical records, and genomics data…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-23 Amgad Muneer , Kai Zhang , Ibraheem Hamdi , Rizwan Qureshi , Muhammad Waqas , Shereen Fouad , Hazrat Ali , Syed Muhammad Anwar , Jia Wu