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The reconstruction of 3D objects from calibrated photographs represents a fundamental yet intricate challenge in the domains of computer graphics and vision. Although neural reconstruction approaches based on Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Bang Du , Runfa Blark Li , Chen Du , Truong Nguyen

Efficient scene representations are essential for many real-world applications, especially those involving spatial measurement. Although current NeRF-based methods have achieved impressive results in reconstructing building-scale scenes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jianlin Guo , Haihong Xiao , Wenxiong Kang

Single particle cryo-electron microscopy has become a critical tool in structural biology over the last decade, able to achieve atomic scale resolution in three dimensional models from hundreds of thousands of (noisy) two-dimensional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Aaditya V. Rangan , Leslie Greengard

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has revolutionized structural biology by enabling near-atomic-level visualization of biomolecular assemblies. However, the exponential growth in cryo-EM data throughput and complexity, coupled with diverse…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-25 Weining Fu , Kai Shu , Kui Xu , Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang

3D Gaussian Splatting reconstructs scenes by starting from a sparse Structure-from-Motion initialization and refining under-reconstructed regions. This process is slow, as it requires multiple densification steps where Gaussians are…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Dmytro Kotovenko , Olga Grebenkova , Björn Ommer

Recent advancements in 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) have made a significant impact on rendering and reconstruction techniques. Current research predominantly focuses on improving rendering performance and reconstruction quality using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yinlong Bai , Hongxin Zhang , Sheng Zhong , Junkai Niu , Hai Li , Yijia He , Yi Zhou

Semantic-aware 3D reconstruction from sparse, unposed images remains challenging for feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS). Existing methods often predict an over-complete set of Gaussian primitives under sparse-view supervision,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Guibiao Liao , Qian Ren , Kaimin Liao , Hua Wang , Zhi Chen , Luchao Wang , Yaohua Tang

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is unique among tools in structural biology in its ability to image large, dynamic protein complexes. Key to this ability is image processing algorithms for heterogeneous cryo-EM reconstruction, including…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-28 Karsten Kreis , Tim Dockhorn , Zihao Li , Ellen Zhong

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an indispensable technique for determining the 3D structures of dynamic biomolecular complexes. While typically applied to image a single molecular species, cryo-EM has the potential for structure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jeffrey Gu , Minkyu Jeon , Ambri Ma , Serena Yeung-Levy , Ellen D. Zhong

The cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) becomes popular for macromolecular structure determination. However, the 2D images which Cryo-EM detects are of high noise and often mixed with multiple heterogeneous conformations or contamination,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Hanlin Gu , Yin Xian , Ilona Christy Unarta , Yuan Yao

A single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) measurement, called a micrograph, consists of multiple two-dimensional tomographic projections of a three-dimensional (3-D) molecular structure at unknown locations, taken under unknown…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Shay Kreymer , Amit Singer , Tamir Bendory

Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) enables high-resolution imaging of biomolecules, but structural heterogeneity remains a major challenge in 3D reconstruction. Traditional methods assume a discrete set of conformations, limiting their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Diego Sanchez Espinosa , Erik H Thiede , Yunan Yang

Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) reconstructs the three-dimensional (3D) structure of bio-molecules from a large set of 2D projection images with random and unknown orientations. A crucial step in the single-particle…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-24 Mona Zehni , Laurène Donati , Emmanuel Soubies , Zhizhen J. Zhao , Michael Unser

Resolving the structural variability of proteins is often key to understanding the structure-function relationship of those macromolecular machines. Single particle analysis using Cryogenic electron microscopy (CryoEM), combined with…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-22 Muyuan Chen , Bogdan Toader , Roy Lederman

Achieving 3D reconstruction from images captured under optimal conditions has been extensively studied in the vision and imaging fields. However, in real-world scenarios, challenges such as motion blur and insufficient illumination often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Xiaoting Yin , Hao Shi , Yuhan Bao , Zhenshan Bing , Yiyi Liao , Kailun Yang , Kaiwei Wang

Cryo-electron microscopy (EM) single particle reconstruction is an entirely general technique for 3D structure determination of macromolecular complexes. However, because the images are taken at low electron dose, it is extremely hard to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Yifeng Fan , Zhizhen Zhao

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently become a premier method for obtaining high-resolution structures of biological macromolecules. However, it is limited to biomolecular samples with low conformational heterogeneity, where all…

A major challenge in single particle reconstruction methods using cryo-electron microscopy is to attain a resolution sufficient to interpret fine details in three-dimensional (3D) macromolecular structures. Obtaining high resolution 3D…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Lanhui Wang , Yoel Shkolnisky , Amit Singer

Constructing a high-fidelity representation of the 3D scene using a monocular camera can enable a wide range of applications on mobile devices, such as micro-robots, smartphones, and AR/VR headsets. On these devices, memory is often limited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Dasong Gao , Peter Zhi Xuan Li , Vivienne Sze , Sertac Karaman

We target the problem of estimating the center of mass of noisy 2-D images. We assume that the noise dominates the image, and thus many standard approaches are vulnerable to estimation errors. Our approach uses a surrogate function to the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-04 Ayelet Heimowitz , Nir Sharon , Amit Singer