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Related papers: Interstellar Dust-Catalyzed Molecular Hydrogen For…

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Molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) formation and dissociation are key processes that drive the gas lifecycle in galaxies. Using the SImulating the LifeCycle of Molecular Clouds (SILCC) zoom-in simulation suite, we explore the utility of future…

We study the connection of star formation to atomic (HI) and molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) in isolated, low metallicity dwarf galaxies with high-resolution ($m_{\rm gas}$ = 4 M$_\odot$, $N_{\rm ngb}$ = 100) SPH simulations. The model includes…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-23 Chia-Yu Hu , Thorsten Naab , Stefanie Walch , Simon C. O. Glover , Paul C. Clark

Interstellar dust plays decisive roles in the conversion of neutral to molecular hydrogen (H_2), the thermodynamical evolution of interstellar medium (ISM), and the modification of spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies. These…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Kenji Bekki

We investigate how the existence of hydrogen molecules on grain surfaces may affect H$_2$ formation efficiency in diffuse and translucent clouds. Hydrogen molecules are able to reduce the desorption energy of H atoms on grain surfaces in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-30 Gang Zhao , Qiang Chang , Xia Zhang , Donghui Quan , Yong Zhang , Xiao-Hu Li

The final step of the water formation network on interstellar grain surfaces starting from the H + O$_2$ route is the reaction between H and H$_2$O$_2$. This reaction is known to have a high activation energy and therefore at low…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-12-01 Thanja Lamberts , Pradipta Kumar Samanta , Andreas Köhn , Johannes Kästner

In this work, we present an off-lattice Monte Carlo model of accretion and migration of hydrogen atoms on a rough surface of carbon dust grain. The migration of physisorbed atoms by means of thermal diffusion and quantum tunnelling through…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-15 N. A. Satonkin , A. B. Ostrovskii , A. A. Mozhegorov , A. F. Punanova , A. I. Vasyunin

Recent laboratory experiments on interstellar dust analogues have shown that H_2 formation on dust grain surfaces is efficient in a range of grain temperatures below 20 K. These results indicate that surface processes may account for the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hagai B. Perets , Ofer Biham

We present results from high-resolution three-dimensional simulations of the turbulent interstellar medium that study the influence of the nature of the turbulence on the formation of molecular hydrogen. We have examined both solenoidal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Milica Micic , Simon C. O. Glover , Christoph Federrath , Ralf S. Klessen

Molecular clouds are essentially made up of atomic and molecular hydrogen, which in spite of being the simplest molecule in the ISM plays a key role in the chemical evolution of molecular clouds. Since its formation time is very long, the…

Knowledge of the molecular component of the ISM is fundamental to understand star formation. The H2 component appears to dominate the gas mass in the inner parts of galaxies, while the HI component dominates in the outer parts. Observation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Combes

The recombination of hydrogen in the interstellar medium, taking place on surfaces of microscopic dust grains, is an essential process in the evolution of chemical complexity in interstellar clouds. The H_2 formation process has been…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 Ofer Biham , Azi Lipshtat

Carbon dioxide (CO$_2$) is one of the most important interstellar molecules. While it is considered that it forms on the surface of interstellar dust grains, the exact contribution of different chemical mechanisms is still poorly…

The presence of small amounts of atomic hydrogen, detected as absorption dips in the 21 cm line spectrum, is a well-known characteristic of dark clouds. The abundance of hydrogen atoms measured in the densest regions of molecular clouds can…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-21 Marco Padovani , Daniele Galli , Alexei V. Ivlev , Paola Caselli , Andrea Ferrara

We investigate the physical properties of molecular hydrogen (H2) in isolated and interacting disk galaxies with different masses and Hubble types by using chemodynamical simulations with H2 formation on dust grains and dust growth and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-08 Kenji Bekki

Many chemical models of dense interstellar clouds predict that the majority of gas-phase elemental nitrogen should be present as N2, with an abundance approximately five orders of magnitude less than that of hydrogen. As a homonuclear…

H2 is the simplest and the most abundant molecule in the ISM, and its formation precedes the formation of other molecules. Understanding the dynamical influence of the environment and the interplay between the thermal processes related to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-24 Valeska Valdivia , Patrick Hennebelle , Maryvonne Gérin , Pierre Lesaffre

This paper presents an analysis of the concentration of the hydrogen molecule inside the ionized region of planetary nebulae. The equations corresponding to the ionization and chemical equilibria of H, H+, H-, H2, H2+, and H3+ are coupled…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 I. Aleman , R. Gruenwald

Experimental results on the formation of molecular hydrogen on amorphous silicate surfaces are presented and analyzed using a rate equation model. The energy barriers for the relevant diffusion and desorption processes are obtained. They…

Ubiquitously found in the Universe, atomic hydrogen represents up to 70% of the neutral gas composition of the Milky Way. As an adatom, hydrogen can physisorb or chemisorb onto interstellar dust grains and icy mantles, thereby contributing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-25 Dubois David , Guichard Pierre , Pasquier Remi

Context. Interstellar dust particles, which represent 1% of the total mass, are recognized to be very powerful interstellar catalysts in star-forming regions. The presence of dust can have a strong impact on the chemical composition of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-23 S. Cazaux , M. Minissale , F. Dulieu , S. Hocuk