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Diffusion models are now commonly used to solve inverse problems in computational imaging. However, most diffusion-based inverse solvers require complete knowledge of the forward operator to be used. In this work, we introduce a novel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Yuanyun Hu , Evan Bell , Guijin Wang , Yu Sun

Diffusion-based generative models have achieved remarkable success in image generation. Their guidance formulation allows an external model to plug-and-play control the generation process for various tasks without finetuning the diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hyojun Go , Yunsung Lee , Jin-Young Kim , Seunghyun Lee , Myeongho Jeong , Hyun Seung Lee , Seungtaek Choi

This work introduces a sampling method capable of solving Bayesian inverse problems in function space. It does not assume the log-concavity of the likelihood, meaning that it is compatible with nonlinear inverse problems. The method…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-27 Lorenzo Baldassari , Ali Siahkoohi , Josselin Garnier , Knut Solna , Maarten V. de Hoop

Regularized inversion methods for image reconstruction are used widely due to their tractability and ability to combine complex physical sensor models with useful regularity criteria. Such methods motivated the recently developed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Gregery T. Buzzard , Stanley H. Chan , Suhas Sreehari , Charles A. Bouman

Inverse problems, where the goal is to recover an unknown signal from noisy or incomplete measurements, are central to applications in medical imaging, remote sensing, and computational biology. Diffusion models have recently emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Shayan Mohajer Hamidi , En-Hui Yang , Ben Liang

Discrete-time diffusion-based generative models and score matching methods have shown promising results in modeling high-dimensional image data. Recently, Song et al. (2021) show that diffusion processes that transform data into noise can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Chin-Wei Huang , Jae Hyun Lim , Aaron Courville

Diffusion sampling-based Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods produce images with high perceptual quality but often suffer from reduced data fidelity, primarily due to the noise introduced during reverse diffusion. To address this trade-off, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhen Wang , Hongyi Liu , Jianing Li , Zhihui Wei

We introduce a novel, training-free method for sampling differentiable representations (diffreps) using pretrained diffusion models. Rather than merely mode-seeking, our method achieves sampling by "pulling back" the dynamics of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yash Savani , Marc Finzi , J. Zico Kolter

Deep generative models have emerged as state-of-the-art for solving inverse problems, but applying them to inverse problems for PDEs, like electrical impedance tomography (EIT) remains challenging. Because physical domains are naturally…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Giovanni S. Alberti , Damiana Lazzaro , Serena Morigi , Matteo Santacesaria , Shibo Wang

We study posterior sampling for inverse problems in discrete state spaces using discrete diffusion models as generative priors. While continuous diffusion models have become widely used for inverse problems, their discrete counterparts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chaitanya Amballa , Sattwik Basu , Jorge Vančo Sampedro , Romit Roy Choudhury

Diffusion models have been used as priors for solving inverse problems. However, existing approaches typically overlook side information that could significantly improve reconstruction quality, especially in severely ill-posed settings. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mahdi Farahbakhsh , Vishnu Teja Kunde , Dileep Kalathil , Krishna Narayanan , Jean-Francois Chamberland

Training-free diffusion priors enable inverse-problem solvers without retraining, but for nonlinear forward operators data consistency often relies on repeated derivatives or inner optimization/MCMC loops with conservative step sizes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Minwoo Kim , Seunghyeok Shin , Hongki Lim

Ill-posed inverse problems are fundamental in many domains, ranging from astrophysics to medical imaging. Emerging diffusion models provide a powerful prior for solving these problems. Existing maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) or posterior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Minseo Kim , Axel Levy , Gordon Wetzstein

Denoising diffusion models have driven significant progress in the field of Bayesian inverse problems. Recent approaches use pre-trained diffusion models as priors to solve a wide range of such problems, only leveraging inference-time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-06 Yazid Janati , Badr Moufad , Mehdi Abou El Qassime , Alain Durmus , Eric Moulines , Jimmy Olsson

Inverse problems lie at the heart of modern imaging science, with broad applications in areas such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and microscopy. Recent years have witnessed a paradigm shift in solving imaging inverse problems, where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Hong Ye Tan , Subhadip Mukherjee , Junqi Tang

Seismic data frequently exhibits missing traces, substantially affecting subsequent seismic processing and interpretation. Deep learning-based approaches have demonstrated significant advancements in reconstructing irregularly missing…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-01-16 Paul Goyes-Peñafiel , Ulugbek Kamilov , Henry Arguello

Diffusion models represent the state-of-the-art for solving inverse problems such as image restoration tasks. Diffusion-based inverse solvers incorporate a likelihood term to guide prior sampling, generating data consistent with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Bahareh Tolooshams , Aditi Chandrashekar , Rayhan Zirvi , Abbas Mammadov , Jiachen Yao , Chuwei Wang , Anima Anandkumar

Diffusion models have been demonstrated as powerful deep learning tools for image generation in CT reconstruction and restoration. Recently, diffusion posterior sampling, where a score-based diffusion prior is combined with a likelihood…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Shudong Li , Xiao Jiang , Matthew Tivnan , Grace J. Gang , Yuan Shen , J. Webster Stayman

Enforcing alignment between the internal representations of diffusion or flow-based generative models and those of pretrained self-supervised encoders has recently been shown to provide a powerful inductive bias, improving both convergence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Loukas Sfountouris , Giannis Daras , Paris Giampouras

Plug-and-play priors (PnP) is a broadly applicable methodology for solving inverse problems by exploiting statistical priors specified as denoisers. Recent work has reported the state-of-the-art performance of PnP algorithms using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Yu Sun , Zihui Wu , Xiaojian Xu , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov