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Electroencephalography (EEG) denoising methods typically depend on manual intervention or clean reference signals. This work introduces a task-oriented learning framework for automatic EEG denoising that uses only task labels without clean…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Tian-Yu Xiang , Zheng Lei , Xiao-Hu Zhou , Xiao-Liang Xie , Shi-Qi Liu , Mei-Jiang Gui , Hong-Yun Ou , Xin-Zheng Huang , Xin-Yi Fu , Zeng-Guang Hou

Translation of imagined speech electroencephalogram(EEG) into human understandable commands greatly facilitates the design of naturalistic brain computer interfaces. To achieve improved imagined speech unit classification, this work aims to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-05 Rini A Sharon , Hema A Murthy

Clinical electroencephalogram (EEG) reports encode domain-specific linguistic conventions that general-purpose language models (LMs) fail to capture. We introduce NeuroLex, a lightweight domain-adaptive language model trained purely on EEG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Kang Yin , Hye-Bin Shin

This paper introduces a novel cross-physiology translation task: synthesizing sleep electroencephalography (EEG) from respiration signals. To address the significant complexity gap between the two modalities, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kaiwen Zha , Chao Li , Hao He , Peng Cao , Tianhong Li , Ali Mirzazadeh , Ellen Zhang , Jong Woo Lee , Yoon Kim , Dina Katabi

Sign Language Translation (SLT) is a challenging cross-modal task requiring joint modeling of manual articulations and non-manual signals. Existing gloss-free SLT methods effectively capture gestural dynamics but often underutilize facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Guobin Tu , Di Weng

Reconstructing natural language from non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) holds great promise as a language decoding technology for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, EEG-based language decoding is still in its nascent stages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Jiaqi Wang , Zhenxi Song , Zhengyu Ma , Xipeng Qiu , Min Zhang , Zhiguo Zhang

Foundation models for EEG analysis are still in their infancy, limited by two key challenges: (1) variability across datasets caused by differences in recording devices and configurations, and (2) the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of EEG,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Soheila Ghane , Nam Nguyen , Mahsa Salehi , Geoffrey I. Webb , Geoffrey Mackellar

Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the most common signals used to capture the electrical activity of the brain, and the decoding of EEG, to acquire the user intents, has been at the forefront of brain-computer/machine interfaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Haodong Zhang , Hongqi Li

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a system empowering humans to communicate with or control the outside world with exclusively brain intentions. Electroencephalography (EEG) based BCIs are promising solutions due to their convenient and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Dalin Zhang , Lina Yao , Xiang Zhang , Sen Wang , Weitong Chen , Robert Boots

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have emerged as a promising modality for biometric identification. While previous studies have explored the use of imagined speech with semantically meaningful words for subject identification, most have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Ali Derakhshesh , Zahra Dehghanian , Reza Ebrahimpour , Hamid R. Rabiee

Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings of brain activity taken while participants read or listen to language are widely used within the cognitive neuroscience and psycholinguistics communities as a tool to study language comprehension.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Dan Schwartz , Tom Mitchell

During speech perception, a listener's electroencephalogram (EEG) reflects acoustic-level processing as well as higher-level cognitive factors such as speech comprehension and attention. However, decoding speech from EEG recordings is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Mike Thornton , Danilo Mandic , Tobias Reichenbach

Decoding continuous language from neural signals remains a significant challenge in the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence. We introduce Neuro2Semantic, a novel framework that reconstructs the semantic content of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siavash Shams , Richard Antonello , Gavin Mischler , Stephan Bickel , Ashesh Mehta , Nima Mesgarani

Inferring patterns of synchronous brain activity from a heterogeneous sample of electroencephalograms (EEG) is scientifically and methodologically challenging. While it is intuitively and statistically appealing to rely on readings from…

The connection between brain activity and corresponding visual stimuli is crucial in comprehending the human brain. While deep generative models have exhibited advancement in recovering brain recordings by generating images conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xuelin Qian , Yikai Wang , Yanwei Fu , Xinwei Sun , Xiangyang Xue , Jianfeng Feng

This study explores the intersection of electroencephalography (EEG) microstates and Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance the assessment of cognitive load states. By utilizing EEG microstate features, the research aims to fine-tune LLMs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Bujar Raufi

This report presents a unified instruction-based framework for learning generalized text embeddings optimized for both information retrieval (IR) and non-IR tasks. Built upon a decoder-only large language model (Mistral-7B), our approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jooyoung Choi , Hyun Kim , Hansol Jang , Changwook Jun , Kyunghoon Bae , Hyewon Choi , Stanley Jungkyu Choi , Honglak Lee , Chulmin Yun

EEG-based Emotion recognition holds significant promise for applications in human-computer interaction, medicine, and neuroscience. While deep learning has shown potential in this field, current approaches usually rely on large-scale…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-08 Hanqi Wang , Tao Chen , Liang Song

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used non-invasive technique for monitoring brain activity, but low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) due to various artifacts often compromise its utility. Conventional artifact removal methods require…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Shantanu Sarkar , Piotr Nabrzyski , Saurabh Prasad , Jose Luis Contreras-Vidal

Electroencephalography (EEG) has become one of the key modalities underpinning brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to its high temporal resolution, rapid responsiveness, non-invasiveness, low cost, and portability. However, EEG signals are…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-17 Yihang Dong , Changhong Jing , Shuqiang Wang