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Social media platforms serve as accessible outlets for individuals to express their thoughts and experiences, resulting in an influx of user-generated data spanning all age groups. While these platforms enable free expression, they also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Nikhil Narayan , Mrutyunjay Biswal , Pramod Goyal , Abhranta Panigrahi

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on simple text classification tasks, frequently under zero-shot settings. However, their efficacy declines when tackling complex social media challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Elyas Meguellati , Assaad Zeghina , Shazia Sadiq , Gianluca Demartini

Harmful content is pervasive on social media, poisoning online communities and negatively impacting participation. A common approach to address this issue is to develop detection models that rely on human annotations. However, the tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Lingyao Li , Lizhou Fan , Shubham Atreja , Libby Hemphill

Social media platforms struggle to protect users from harmful content through content moderation. These platforms have recently leveraged machine learning models to cope with the vast amount of user-generated content daily. Since moderation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Donghyun Son , Byounggyu Lew , Kwanghee Choi , Yongsu Baek , Seungwoo Choi , Beomjun Shin , Sungjoo Ha , Buru Chang

The rapid advancement of Audio Large Language Models (ALLMs) has enabled cost-effective, high-fidelity generation and manipulation of both speech and non-speech audio, including sound effects, singing voices, and music. While these…

Large-Language Models (LLMs) have shifted the paradigm of natural language data processing. However, their black-boxed and probabilistic characteristics can lead to potential risks in the quality of outputs in diverse LLM applications.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Sangwon Hyun , Mingyu Guo , M. Ali Babar

The explosion of short videos has dramatically reshaped the manners people socialize, yielding a new trend for daily sharing and access to the latest information. These rich video resources, on the one hand, benefited from the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Sen Pei , Jingya Yu , Qi Chen , Wozhou He

Hate speech remains a persistent and unresolved challenge in online platforms. Content moderators, working on the front lines to review user-generated content and shield viewers from hate speech, often find themselves unprotected from the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Subin Park , Jeonghyun Kim , Jeanne Choi , Joseph Seering , Uichin Lee , Sung-Ju Lee

Evaluating audio generation systems, including text-to-music (TTM), text-to-speech (TTS), and text-to-audio (TTA), remains challenging due to the subjective and multi-dimensional nature of human perception. Existing methods treat mean…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chien-Chun Wang , Kuan-Tang Huang , Cheng-Yeh Yang , Hung-Shin Lee , Hsin-Min Wang , Berlin Chen

The sheer volume of online user-generated content has rendered content moderation technologies essential in order to protect digital platform audiences from content that may cause anxiety, worry, or concern. Despite the efforts towards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Ioannis Sarridis , Christos Koutlis , Olga Papadopoulou , Symeon Papadopoulos

Decentralized communication is becoming an important use case within Web3. On Ethereum, users can repurpose the transaction input data field to embed natural-language messages, commonly known as Input Data Messages (IDMs). However, as IDMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xihan Xiong , Zhipeng Wang , Qin Wang , William Knottenbelt

The proliferation of harmful content shared online poses a threat to online information integrity and the integrity of discussion across platforms. Despite various moderation interventions adopted by social media platforms, researchers and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Valerio La Gatta , Luca Luceri , Francesco Fabbri , Emilio Ferrara

Content moderation is a central mechanism through which platforms attempt to balance user engagement with community governance. Yet existing research has largely treated moderation as a uniform intervention, overlooking how moderator…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Siyi Zhou , Lindsay Young , Marlon Twyman , Emilio Ferrara

WhatsApp, a platform with more than two billion global users, plays a crucial role in digital communication, but also serves as a vector for harmful content such as misinformation, hate speech, and political propaganda. This study examines…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yuxin Liu , M. Amin Rahimian , Kiran Garimella

As the volume of video content online grows exponentially, the demand for moderation of unsafe videos has surpassed human capabilities, posing both operational and mental health challenges. While recent studies demonstrated the merits of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Adi Levi , Or Levi , Sardhendu Mishra , Jonathan Morra

Adversarial audio attacks pose a significant threat to the growing use of large audio-language models (LALMs) in voice-based human-machine interactions. While existing research focused on model-specific adversarial methods, real-world…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Wanqi Yang , Yanda Li , Meng Fang , Yunchao Wei , Ling Chen

Detecting online sexual predatory behaviours and abusive language on social media platforms has become a critical area of research due to the growing concerns about online safety, especially for vulnerable populations such as children and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Campbell Wilson , Janis Dalins

In the evolving landscape of online communication, moderating hate speech (HS) presents an intricate challenge, compounded by the multimodal nature of digital content. This comprehensive survey delves into the recent strides in HS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ming Shan Hee , Shivam Sharma , Rui Cao , Palash Nandi , Preslav Nakov , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

In this work, we introduce a pioneering research challenge: evaluating positive and potentially harmful messages within music products. We initiate by setting a multi-faceted, multi-task benchmark for music content assessment. Subsequently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yigeng Zhang , Mahsa Shafaei , Fabio A. González , Thamar Solorio

Hate speech has become one of the most significant issues in modern society, having implications in both the online and the offline world. Due to this, hate speech research has recently gained a lot of traction. However, most of the work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Mithun Das , Rohit Raj , Punyajoy Saha , Binny Mathew , Manish Gupta , Animesh Mukherjee