English
Related papers

Related papers: Metamorphic Testing for Audio Content Moderation S…

200 papers

To protect users from massive hateful content, existing works studied automated hate speech detection. Despite the existing efforts, one question remains: do automated hate speech detectors conform to social media content policies? A…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Jiangrui Zheng , Xueqing Liu , Guanqun Yang , Mirazul Haque , Xing Qian , Ravishka Rathnasuriya , Wei Yang , Girish Budhrani

Large language models (LLMs) have become integral to various real-world applications, leveraging massive, web-sourced datasets like Common Crawl, C4, and FineWeb for pretraining. While these datasets provide linguistic data essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Sai Krishna Mendu , Harish Yenala , Aditi Gulati , Shanu Kumar , Parag Agrawal

The rapid proliferation of speech-enabled technologies, including virtual assistants, video conferencing platforms, and wearable devices, has raised significant privacy concerns, particularly regarding the inference of sensitive emotional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Mohd. Farhan Israk Soumik , W. K. M. Mithsara , Abdur R. Shahid , Ahmed Imteaj

WhatsApp groups have become a hotbed for the propagation of harmful content including misinformation, hate speech, polarizing content, and rumors, especially in Global South countries. Given the platform's end-to-end encryption, moderation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Dhruv Agarwal , Farhana Shahid , Aditya Vashistha

Current multimodal toxicity benchmarks typically use a single binary hatefulness label. This coarse approach conflates two fundamentally different characteristics of expression: tone and content. Drawing on communication science theory, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Nils A. Herrmann , Tobias Eder , Jingyi He , Georg Groh

With the rapid rise of short-form videos, TikTok has become one of the most influential platforms among children and teenagers, but also a source of harmful content that can affect their perception and behavior. Such content, often subtle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Dat Thanh Nguyen , Nguyen Hung Lam , Anh Hoang-Thi Nguyen , Trong-Hop Do

Text-to-music (TTM) generation, which converts textual descriptions into audio, opens up innovative avenues for multimedia creation. Achieving high quality and diversity in this process demands extensive, high-quality data, which are often…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Chang Li , Ruoyu Wang , Lijuan Liu , Jun Du , Yixuan Sun , Zilu Guo , Zhenrong Zhang , Yuan Jiang , Jianqing Gao , Feng Ma

The widespread dissemination of hate speech, harassment, harmful and sexual content, and violence across websites and media platforms presents substantial challenges and provokes widespread concern among different sectors of society.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Nouar AlDahoul , Myles Joshua Toledo Tan , Harishwar Reddy Kasireddy , Yasir Zaki

Lack of moderation in online communities enables participants to incur in personal aggression, harassment or cyberbullying, issues that have been accentuated by extremist radicalisation in the contemporary post-truth politics scenario. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Nestor Rodriguez , Sergio Rojas-Galeano

The widespread deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified concerns about subtle social biases embedded in their outputs. Existing guardrails often fail when faced with indirect or contextually complex bias-inducing prompts.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sina Salimian , Gias Uddin , Sumon Biswas , Henry Leung

Chatbots, also known as conversational agents, have become ubiquitous, offering services for a multitude of domains. Unlike general-purpose chatbots, task-based chatbots are software designed to prioritize the completion of tasks of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Diego Clerissi , Elena Masserini , Daniela Micucci , Leonardo Mariani

The proliferation of harmful content on online platforms is a major societal problem, which comes in many different forms including hate speech, offensive language, bullying and harassment, misinformation, spam, violence, graphic content,…

The rapid proliferation of harmful and emotionally damaging content on social media platforms has intensified concerns regarding societal harm. While content moderation efforts primarily focus on detecting and removing harmful posts, less…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Syed Mhamudul Hasan , Mohd. Farhan Israk Soumik , Abdur R. Shahid

We introduce MMAR, a new benchmark designed to evaluate the deep reasoning capabilities of Audio-Language Models (ALMs) across massive multi-disciplinary tasks. MMAR comprises 1,000 meticulously curated audio-question-answer triplets,…

Social media platforms increasingly employ proactive moderation techniques, such as detecting and curbing toxic and uncivil comments, to prevent the spread of harmful content. Despite these efforts, such approaches are often criticized for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Xiaotian Su , Naim Zierau , Soomin Kim , April Yi Wang , Thiemo Wambsganss

Modern Large audio-language models (LALMs) power intelligent voice interactions by tightly integrating audio and text. This integration, however, expands the attack surface beyond text and introduces vulnerabilities in the continuous,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Meng Chen , Kun Wang , Li Lu , Jiaheng Zhang , Tianwei Zhang

The rapid growth of live-streaming platforms such as Twitch has introduced complex challenges in moderating toxic behavior. Traditional moderation approaches, such as human annotation and keyword-based filtering, have demonstrated utility,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Baktash Ansari , Elias Martin , Afra Mashhadi

Growing evidence shows that proactive content moderation supported by AI can help improve online discourse. However, we know little about designing these systems, how design impacts efficacy and user experience, and how people perceive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Mark Warner , Angelika Strohmayer , Matthew Higgs , Husnain Rafiq , Liying Yang , Lynne Coventry

Content moderation plays a critical role in shaping safe and inclusive online environments, balancing platform standards, user expectations, and regulatory frameworks. Traditionally, this process involves operationalising policies into…

The rise of multimodal large language models has introduced innovative human-machine interaction paradigms but also significant challenges in machine learning safety. Audio-Language Models (ALMs) are especially relevant due to the intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Isha Gupta , David Khachaturov , Robert Mullins