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Large language models have high compute, latency, and memory requirements. While specialized accelerators such as GPUs and TPUs typically run these workloads, CPUs are more widely available and consume less energy. Accelerating LLMs with…

In trained deep neural networks, unstructured pruning can reduce redundant weights to lower storage cost. However, it requires the customization of hardwares to speed up practical inference. Another trend accelerates sparse model inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Zhuliang Yao , Shijie Cao , Wencong Xiao , Chen Zhang , Lanshun Nie

Large language models (LLMs) offer remarkable capabilities, yet their high inference costs restrict wider adoption. While increasing parameter counts improves accuracy, it also broadens the gap between state-of-the-art capabilities and…

Pruning eliminates unnecessary parameters in neural networks; it offers a promising solution to the growing computational demands of large language models (LLMs). While many focus on post-training pruning, sparse pre-training--which…

Current PEFT methods for LLMs can achieve either high quality, efficient training, or scalable serving, but not all three simultaneously. To address this limitation, we investigate sparse fine-tuning and observe a remarkable improvement in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Xinyu Yang , Jixuan Leng , Geyang Guo , Jiawei Zhao , Ryumei Nakada , Linjun Zhang , Huaxiu Yao , Beidi Chen

Depth pruning improves the deployment efficiency of large language models (LLMs) by identifying and removing redundant layers. A widely accepted standard for this identification process is to measure the similarity between layers using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yuli Chen , Shuhao Zhang , Fanshen Meng , Bo Cheng , Jiale Han , Qiang Tong , Xiulei Liu

Despite the remarkable success of Large Language Models (LLMs), the massive size poses significant deployment challenges, particularly on resource-constrained hardware. While existing LLM compression methods focus on quantization, pruning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Song Guo , Jiahang Xu , Li Lyna Zhang , Mao Yang

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) seeks the minima with a flat loss landscape to improve the generalization performance in machine learning tasks, including fine-tuning. However, its extra parameter perturbation step doubles the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yifei Cheng , Xianglin Yang , Guoxia Wang , Chao Huang , Fei Ma , Dianhai Yu , Xiaochun Cao , Li Shen

Machine learning pipelines for classification tasks often train a universal model to achieve accuracy across a broad range of classes. However, a typical user encounters only a limited selection of classes regularly. This disparity provides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Shivam Aggarwal , Kuluhan Binici , Tulika Mitra

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices remains challenging due to their quadratically increasing computations with the sequence length. Existing studies for dynamic attention pruning are designed for hardware with massively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jiawen Qi , Chang Gao , Zhaochun Ren , Qinyu Chen

Post training quantization is essential for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource constrained hardware, yet state of the art methods enforce uniform bit widths across layers, yielding suboptimal accuracy efficiency trade offs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Arpit Singh Gautam , Saurabh Jha

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to scale, post-training pruning has emerged as a promising approach to reduce computational costs while preserving performance. Existing methods such as SparseGPT and Wanda achieve high sparsity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Sai Varun Kodathala , Rakesh Vunnam

Network pruning reduces the computational requirements of large neural networks, with N:M sparsity -- retaining only N out of every M consecutive weights -- offering a compelling balance between compressed model quality and hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Xiang Meng , Mehdi Makni , Rahul Mazumder

Determining the ideal architecture for deep learning models, such as the number of layers and neurons, is a difficult and resource-intensive process that frequently relies on human tuning or computationally costly optimization approaches.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Saad Hameed , Basheer Qolomany , Samir Brahim Belhaouari , Mohamed Abdallah , Junaid Qadir , Ala Al-Fuqaha

LoRA and its variants have become popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods due to their ability to avoid excessive computational costs. However, an accuracy gap often exists between PEFT methods and full fine-tuning (FT), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haoze He , Juncheng Billy Li , Xuan Jiang , Heather Miller

The prohibitive training costs of Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a significant bottleneck in the development of next-generation LLMs. In this paper, we show that it is possible to significantly reduce the training costs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Chenze Shao , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

Current deep learning architectures are growing larger in order to learn from complex datasets. These architectures require giant matrix multiplication operations to train millions of parameters. Conversely, there is another growing trend…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-06 Ryan Spring , Anshumali Shrivastava

Large language models possess strong chemical reasoning capabilities, making them effective molecular editors. However, property-relevant information is implicitly entangled across their dense hidden states, providing no explicit handle for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mingxu Zhang , Yuhan Li , Lujundong Li , Dazhong Shen , Hui Xiong , Ying Sun

Sparsity has become one of the promising methods to compress and accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Among different categories of sparsity, structured sparsity has gained more attention due to its efficient execution on modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Sheng-Chun Kao , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Suvinay Subramanian , Shivani Agrawal , Utku Evci , Tushar Krishna

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated considerable proficiency in general natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Instruction tuning, a successful paradigm, enhances the ability of LLMs to follow natural language instructions and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Haoyuan Wu , Haisheng Zheng , Zhuolun He , Bei Yu
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