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With the rapid scaling of large language models (LLMs), structured pruning has become a widely used technique to learn efficient, smaller models from larger ones, delivering superior performance compared to training similarly sized models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Bairu Hou , Qibin Chen , Jianyu Wang , Guoli Yin , Chong Wang , Nan Du , Ruoming Pang , Shiyu Chang , Tao Lei

Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) are generally trained at fixed resolutions, limiting their capability when scaling up to high-resolution images. While training-based approaches address this limitation by training on high-resolution datasets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Sangmin Han , Jinho Jeong , Jinwoo Kim , Seon Joo Kim

The training of large language models (LLMs) is expensive. In this paper, we study data-efficient approaches for pre-training LLMs, i.e., techniques that aim to optimize the Pareto frontier of model quality and training resource/data…

Activation sparsity can reduce the computational overhead and memory transfers during the forward pass of Large Language Model (LLM) inference. Existing methods face limitations, either demanding time-consuming recovery training that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kai Liu , Bowen Xu , Shaoyu Wu , Xin Chen , Hao Zhou , Yongliang Tao , Lulu Hu

In recent years, Dynamic Sparse Training (DST) has emerged as an alternative to post-training pruning for generating efficient models. In principle, DST allows for a more memory efficient training process, as it maintains sparsity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Nasib Ullah , Erik Schultheis , Mike Lasby , Yani Ioannou , Rohit Babbar

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are overshadowed by their immense computational cost. While recent work has shown that many LLM layers can be reordered or even removed with minimal impact on accuracy, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ramón Calvo González , Daniele Paliotta , Matteo Pagliardini , Martin Jaggi , François Fleuret

Inspired by the developments in quantum computing, building domain-specific classical hardware to solve computationally hard problems has received increasing attention. Here, by introducing systematic sparsification techniques, we…

Large language models (LLMs) have seen substantial growth, necessitating efficient model pruning techniques. Existing post-training pruning methods primarily measure weight importance in converged dense models, often overlooking changes in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yupeng Su , Ziyi Guan , Xiaoqun Liu , Tianlai Jin , Dongkuan Wu , Zhengfei Chen , Graziano Chesi , Ngai Wong , Hao Yu

Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of large language models (LLMs) simultaneously is a critical yet challenging research goal. In this paper, we find that low-rank pre-training, normally considered as efficient methods that will…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingtai Lv , Ning Ding , Kaiyan Zhang , Ermo Hua , Ganqu Cui , Bowen Zhou

Machine learning models are becoming the primary workhorses for many applications. Production services deploy models through prediction serving systems that take in queries and return predictions by performing inference on machine learning…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Jack Kosaian , K. V. Rashmi , Shivaram Venkataraman

Considering the hardware-friendly characteristics and broad applicability, structured pruning has emerged as an efficient solution to reduce the resource demands of large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. Traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zihuai Xu , Yang Xu , Hongli Xu , Yunming Liao , Zhiwei Yao , Zuan Xie

Despite exceptional capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) still face deployment challenges due to their enormous size. Post-training structured pruning is a promising solution that prunes LLMs without the need for retraining, reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Weizhong Huang , Yuxin Zhang , Xiawu Zheng , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to architectures with billions to trillions of parameters, posing significant deployment challenges due to their substantial demands on memory, processing power, and energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Enshu Liu , Junyi Zhu , Zinan Lin , Xuefei Ning , Matthew B. Blaschko , Shengen Yan , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Large language models have become the cornerstone of natural language processing, but their use comes with substantial costs in terms of compute and memory resources. Sparsification provides a solution to alleviate these resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Saleh Ashkboos , Maximilian L. Croci , Marcelo Gennari do Nascimento , Torsten Hoefler , James Hensman

Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) incur substantial prefilling cost due to the large number of visual tokens. While attention-based token pruning offers a promising acceleration strategy, applying it at shallow decoder layers often causes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yingjie Xia , Tao Liu , Jinglei Shi , Qingsong Xie , Heng Guo , Jian Yang , Xi Wang

Recently, multimodal large language models (MM-LLMs) have achieved significant success in various tasks, but their high computational costs limit widespread application. The main computational burden arises from processing concatenated text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Gaotong Yu , Yi Chen , Jian Xu

The design of Large Language Models (LLMs) has long been hampered by a fundamental conflict within their core attention mechanism: its remarkable expressivity is built upon a computational complexity of O(H N^2) that grows quadratically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Mingkuan Zhao , Wentao Hu , Jiayin Wang , Xin Lai , Tianchen Huang , Yuheng Min , Rui Yan , Xiaoyan Zhu

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained edge devices is increasingly hindered by prohibitive memory and computational requirements. While ternary quantization offers a compelling solution by reducing weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hong Huang , Decheng Wu , Qiangqiang Hu , Guanghua Yu , Jinhai Yang , Jianchen Zhu , Xue Liu , Dapeng Wu

Pruning is critical for scaling large language models (LLMs). Global pruning achieves strong performance but requires $\mathcal{O}(N)$ memory, which is infeasible for billion-parameter models. Local pruning reduces GPU memory usage to that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xinyuan Song , Guangji Bai , Liang Zhao

FPGAs have been shown to be a promising platform for deploying Quantised Neural Networks (QNNs) with high-speed, low-latency, and energy-efficient inference. However, the complexity of modern deep-learning models limits the performance on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Changhong Li , Biswajit Basu , Shreejith Shanker
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