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Recent large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance in generating promising reasoning paths for complex tasks. However, despite powerful generation ability, LLMs remain weak at verifying their own answers, revealing a persistent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuxin Chen , Yu Wang , Yi Zhang , Ziang Ye , Zhengzhou Cai , Yaorui Shi , Qi Gu , Hui Su , Xunliang Cai , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

In the intersection of molecular science and deep learning, tasks like virtual screening have driven the need for a high-throughput molecular representation generator on large chemical databases. However, as SMILES strings are the most…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Wenhao Zhu , Ziyao Li , Lingsheng Cai , Guojie Song

Molecular optimization is a central task in drug discovery that requires precise structural reasoning and domain knowledge. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating high-level editing intentions in natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Wenyu Zhu , Chengzhu Li , Xiaohe Tian , Yifan Wang , Yinjun Jia , Jianhui Wang , Bowen Gao , Ya-Qin Zhang , Wei-Ying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Although recent advances in quantum machine learning (QML) offer significant potential for enhancing generative models, particularly in molecular design, a large array of classical approaches still face challenges in achieving high fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Afrar Jahin , Yi Pan , Yingfeng Wang , Tianming Liu , Wei Zhang

Large language models (LLMs), especially when instruction-tuned for chat, have become part of our daily lives, freeing people from the process of searching, extracting, and integrating information from multiple sources by offering a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yuxia Wang , Minghan Wang , Muhammad Arslan Manzoor , Fei Liu , Georgi Georgiev , Rocktim Jyoti Das , Preslav Nakov

Chemical databases store information in text representations, and the SMILES format is a universal standard used in many cheminformatics software. Encoded in each SMILES string is structural information that can be used to predict complex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-16 Garrett B. Goh , Nathan O. Hodas , Charles Siegel , Abhinav Vishnu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to medical imaging tasks, including image interpretation and synthetic image generation. However, these models often produce hallucinations, which are confident but incorrect outputs…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Anindya Bijoy Das , Shahnewaz Karim Sakib , Shibbir Ahmed

We explore the ability of large language models (LLMs) to engage in subtle deception through strategically phrasing and intentionally manipulating information. This harmful behavior can be hard to detect, unlike blatant lying or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Atharvan Dogra , Krishna Pillutla , Ameet Deshpande , Ananya B Sai , John Nay , Tanmay Rajpurohit , Ashwin Kalyan , Balaraman Ravindran

Large language models (LLMs) are beginning to reshape how chemists plan and run reactions in organic synthesis. Trained on millions of reported transformations, these text-based models can propose synthetic routes, forecast reaction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Kartar Kumar Lohana Tharwani , Rajesh Kumar , Sumita , Numan Ahmed , Yong Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown increasing potential in automating model-driven software engineering tasks, particularly in generating models conforming to Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) from natural language. While most existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Junaid Baber , Nicolas Hili , Didier Schwab , Léo Challier , Cécilia Satrin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across various natural language processing tasks, yet their proficiency in mathematical reasoning remains a key challenge. Addressing the gap between natural and mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xuhan Huang , Qingning Shen , Yan Hu , Anningzhe Gao , Benyou Wang

Progress in image generation raises significant public security concerns. We argue that fake image detection should not operate as a "black box". Instead, an ideal approach must ensure both strong generalization and transparency. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yikun Ji , Yan Hong , Jiahui Zhan , Haoxing Chen , jun lan , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Liqing Zhang , Jianfu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in automated code generation. While effective for mainstream languages, they may underperform on less common or domain-specific languages, prompting companies to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Giuseppe Crupi , Rosalia Tufano , Gabriele Bavota

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in scientific disciplines such as biomedicine, particularly in hypothesis generation, where they can analyze vast literature, identify patterns, and suggest research directions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Guangzhi Xiong , Eric Xie , Corey Williams , Myles Kim , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Sikun Guo , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

Large language models (LLM) have revolutionized the processing of natural language. Although first benchmarks of the process modeling abilities of LLM are promising, it is currently under debate to what extent an LLM can generate good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Peter Fettke , Constantin Houy

We present MeshLLM, a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) to understand and generate text-serialized 3D meshes. Our approach addresses key limitations in existing methods, including the limited dataset scale when…

Code generation with large language models (LLMs), often termed vibe coding, is increasingly adopted in production but fails to ensure code quality, particularly in security (e.g., SQL injection vulnerabilities) and maintainability (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Feng Yao , Zilong Wang , Liyuan Liu , Junxia Cui , Li Zhong , Xiaohan Fu , Haohui Mai , Vish Krishnan , Jianfeng Gao , Jingbo Shang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their outputs can sometimes be unreliable or factually incorrect. To address this, we introduce Self Logits Evolution Decoding (SLED), a novel decoding framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jianyi Zhang , Da-Cheng Juan , Cyrus Rashtchian , Chun-Sung Ferng , Heinrich Jiang , Yiran Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained considerable traction within the Software Engineering (SE) community, impacting various SE tasks from code completion to test generation, from program repair to code summarization. Despite their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 June Sallou , Thomas Durieux , Annibale Panichella

We present a modular framework powered by large language models (LLMs) that automates and streamlines key tasks across the early-stage computational drug discovery pipeline. By combining LLM reasoning with domain-specific tools, the…