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Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have the potential to assist users in interacting with complex software (e.g., PowerPoint, Photoshop). While prior research has primarily focused on automating user actions through clicks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Saelyne Yang , Jaesang Yu , Yi-Hao Peng , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Jae Won Cho , Yale Song , Juho Kim

Autonomous agents that operate computers via Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) often struggle with efficiency and reliability on complex, long-horizon tasks. While augmenting these agents with planners can improve task decomposition, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Linxin Song , Yutong Dai , Viraj Prabhu , Jieyu Zhang , Taiwei Shi , Li Li , Junnan Li , Silvio Savarese , Zeyuan Chen , Jieyu Zhao , Ran Xu , Caiming Xiong

Risk assessment plays a crucial role in ensuring the security and resilience of modern computer systems. Existing methods for conducting risk assessments often suffer from tedious and time-consuming processes, making it challenging to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Simon Unger , Ektor Arzoglou , Markus Heinrich , Dirk Scheuermann , Stefan Katzenbeisser

Intelligent driving systems aim to achieve a zero-collision mobility experience, requiring interdisciplinary efforts to enhance safety performance. This work focuses on risk identification, the process of identifying and analyzing risks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Chi-Hsi Kung , Chieh-Chi Yang , Pang-Yuan Pao , Shu-Wei Lu , Pin-Lun Chen , Hsin-Cheng Lu , Yi-Ting Chen

The Rational Unified Process a software engineering process is gaining popularity nowadays. RUP delivers best software practices for component software Development life cycle It supports component based software development. Risk is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-02-14 Rashmi Gupta , Shalini Raghav

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) still generate vulnerable code. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has the potential to enhance LLMs for secure code generation by incorporating external security knowledge. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiahao Shi , Tianyi Zhang

Risk-based Authentication (RBA) is an adaptive security measure that improves the security of password-based authentication by protecting against credential stuffing, password guessing, or phishing attacks. RBA monitors extra features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Stephan Wiefling , Tanvi Patil , Markus Dürmuth , Luigi Lo Iacono

Modern web browsers have effectively become the new operating system for business applications, yet their security posture is often under-scrutinized. This paper presents a novel, comprehensive Browser Security Posture Analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Avihay Cohen

Web Agents are increasingly deployed to perform complex tasks in real web environments, yet their security evaluation remains fragmented and difficult to standardize. We present WebTrap Park, an automated platform for systematic security…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xinyi Wu , Jiagui Chen , Geng Hong , Jiayi Dong , Xudong Pan , Jiarun Dai , Min Yang

Getting a real cybersecurity risk assessment for a small organization is expensive -- a NIST CSF-aligned engagement runs $15,000 on the low end, takes weeks, and depends on practitioners who are genuinely scarce. Most small companies skip…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Ravish Gupta , Saket Kumar , Shreeya Sharma , Maulik Dang , Abhishek Aggarwal

The introduction of the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act, the NIST Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework, and related norms demands a better understanding and implementation of novel risk analysis approaches to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Jose Manuel Camacho , Aitor Couce-Vieira , David Arroyo , David Rios Insua

Real-Time systems are essential for promptly responding to external stimuli and completing tasks within predefined time constraints. Ensuring high reliability and robust security in these systems is therefore critical. This requires…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Eliron Rahimi , Kfir Girstein , Roman Malits , Avi Mendelson

Mission-critical industrial infrastructure, such as data centers, increasingly depends on complex management software. Its operations, however, pose significant challenges due to the escalating system complexity, multi-vendor integration,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Liangtao Lin , Zhaomeng Zhu , Tianwei Zhang , Yonggang Wen

Digital agents are increasingly employed to automate tasks in interactive digital environments such as web pages, software applications, and operating systems. While text-based agents built on Large Language Models (LLMs) often require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zhiqi Ge , Juncheng Li , Xinglei Pang , Minghe Gao , Kaihang Pan , Wang Lin , Hao Fei , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Cybersecurity threat and risk analysis (RA) approaches are used to identify and mitigate security risks early-on in the software development life-cycle. Existing approaches automate only parts of the analysis procedure, leaving key…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Katja Tuma , Romy Van Der Lee

Developing and evaluating e-commerce web agents requires environments that preserve meaningful task structure while enabling controllable, reproducible, and scalable scientific comparison. Existing methodologies force a tradeoff: live…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Chinmay Savadikar , Mingyu Zhao , Yuanzheng Zhu , Han Li , Shuang Xie , Alberto Castelo , Tianfu Wu , Lingyun Wang

Electronic identification (eID) systems allow citizens to assert and authenticate their identities for various purposes, such as accessing government services or conducting financial transactions. These systems improve user access to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Jide Edu , Mark Hooper , Carsten Maple , Jon Crowcroft

Reusable skills are becoming a common interface for extending large language model agents, packaging procedural guidance with access to files, tools, memory, and execution environments. However, this modularity introduces attack surfaces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chang Jin , An Wang , Zeming Wei , Kai Wang , Biaojie Zeng , Qiaosheng Zhang , Chao Yang , Jingjing Qu , Xia Hu , Xingcheng Xu

In the dynamic cyber threat landscape, effective decision-making under uncertainty is crucial for maintaining robust information security. This paper introduces the Cyber Resilience Index (CRI), a threat-informed probabilistic approach to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Lampis Alevizos , Vinh-Thong Ta

Web agents for online shopping have shown great promise in automating user interactions across e-commerce platforms. Benchmarks for assessing such agents do not reflect the complexity of real-world shopping scenarios, as they often consist…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yougang Lyu , Xiaoyu Zhang , Lingyong Yan , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren , Xiuying Chen