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As large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate as autonomous agents in social contexts, evaluating their capacity for prosocial behavior is both theoretically and practically critical. However, existing research has primarily relied…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yujia Zhou , Hexi Wang , Qingyao Ai , Zhen Wu , Yiqun Liu

Recommender systems are essential components of many online platforms, yet traditional approaches still struggle with understanding complex user preferences and providing explainable recommendations. The emergence of Large Language Model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Qiyao Peng , Hongtao Liu , Hua Huang , Qing Yang , Minglai Shao

With the increasing prevalence of online learning, adapting education to diverse learner needs remains a persistent challenge. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), promise powerful…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Xinyu Jessica Wang , Christine Lee , Bilge Mutlu

There is a growing interest in developing automated agents that can work alongside humans. In addition to completing the assigned task, such an agent will undoubtedly be expected to behave in a manner that is preferred by the human. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Utkarsh Soni , Nupur Thakur , Sarath Sreedharan , Lin Guan , Mudit Verma , Matthew Marquez , Subbarao Kambhampati

Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown much promise in powering a variety of software engineering (SE) tools. Offering natural language as an intuitive interaction mechanism, LLMs have recently been employed as conversational ``programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jonan Richards

Conversations with LMs involve two participants: a human user leading the conversation, and an LM assistant responding to the user's request. To satisfy this specific role, LMs are post-trained to be helpful assistants -- optimized to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tarek Naous , Philippe Laban , Wei Xu , Jennifer Neville

Conversational information access is an emerging research area. Currently, human evaluation is used for end-to-end system evaluation, which is both very time and resource intensive at scale, and thus becomes a bottleneck of progress. As an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog

Reward is critical to the evaluation and training of large language models (LLMs). However, existing rule-based or model-based reward methods struggle to generalize to GUI agents, where access to ground-truth trajectories or application…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Gaole Dai , Shiqi Jiang , Ting Cao , Yuqing Yang , Yuanchun Li , Rui Tan , Mo Li , Lili Qiu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Searching for and making decisions about information is becoming increasingly difficult as the amount of information and number of choices increases. Recommendation systems help users find items of interest of a particular type, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-07-04 M. H. Goker , P. Langley , C. A. Thompson

Difficulty spillover and suboptimal help-seeking challenge the sequential, knowledge-intensive nature of digital tasks. In online surveys, tough questions can drain mental energy and hurt performance on later questions, while users often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ailin Liu , Yesmine Karoui , Fiona Draxler , Frauke Kreuter , Francesco Chiossi

Large Language Model (LLM) assistants, such as ChatGPT, have emerged as potential alternatives to search methods for helping users navigate complex, feature-rich software. LLMs use vast training data from domain-specific texts, software…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Anjali Khurana , Hari Subramonyam , Parmit K Chilana

Digital assistants have become ubiquitous in e-commerce applications, following the recent advancements in Information Retrieval (IR), Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, customers are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Nikhita Vedula , Oleg Rokhlenko , Shervin Malmasi

As AI becomes more deeply embedded in knowledge work, building assistants that support human creativity and expertise becomes more important. Yet achieving synergy in human-AI collaboration is not easy. Providing AI with detailed…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sean Kelley , David De Cremer , Christoph Riedl

Personalization is one of the next milestones in advancing AI capability and alignment. We introduce PersonaMem-v2, the state-of-the-art dataset for LLM personalization that simulates 1,000 realistic user-chatbot interactions on 300+…

Prompt engineering has made significant contributions to the era of large language models, yet its effectiveness depends on the skills of a prompt author. This paper introduces $\textit{iPrOp}$, a novel interactive prompt optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Jiahui Li , Roman Klinger

Empowering large language models with long-term memory is crucial for building agents that adapt to users' evolving needs. Existing evaluations of this capability typically interleave preference-related dialogues with irrelevant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shuochen Liu , Junyi Zhu , Long Shu , Junda Lin , Yuhao Chen , Haotian Zhang , Chao Zhang , Derong Xu , Jia Li , Bo Tang , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Enhong Chen , Tong Xu

User simulators serve as the critical interactive environment for agent post-training, and an ideal user simulator generalizes across domains and proactively engages in negotiation by challenging or bargaining. However, current methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Feng Zhang , Shijia Li , Chunmao Zhang , Zhanyu Ma , Jun Xu , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Jingwen Xu , Han Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential to refine their generation based on their own feedback. However, the feedback from LLM itself is often inaccurate, thereby limiting its benefits. In this paper, we propose Study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Danqing Wang , Lei Li