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A Markov Decision Process (MDP) is a popular model for reinforcement learning. However, its commonly used assumption of stationary dynamics and rewards is too stringent and fails to hold in adversarial, nonstationary, or multi-agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Tiancheng Yu , Suvrit Sra

Pretrained language models (PLMs) perform poorly under adversarial attacks. To improve the adversarial robustness, adversarial data augmentation (ADA) has been widely adopted to cover more search space of adversarial attacks by adding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Chenglei Si , Zhengyan Zhang , Fanchao Qi , Zhiyuan Liu , Yasheng Wang , Qun Liu , Maosong Sun

Recent studies have shown that deep reinforcement learning agents are vulnerable to small adversarial perturbations on the agent's inputs, which raises concerns about deploying such agents in the real world. To address this issue, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Tuomas Oikarinen , Wang Zhang , Alexandre Megretski , Luca Daniel , Tsui-Wei Weng

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms can suffer from modeling errors between the simulation and the real world. Many studies use adversarial learning to generate perturbation during training process to model the discrepancy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Qianmei Liu , Yufei Kuang , Jie Wang

In this work, we propose a novel adversarial defence mechanism for image classification - CARSO - blending the paradigms of adversarial training and adversarial purification in a synergistic robustness-enhancing way. The method builds upon…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Emanuele Ballarin , Alessio Ansuini , Luca Bortolussi

Recently Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been applied as an anti-adversarial remedy in wireless communication networks. However, studying the RL-based approaches from the adversary's perspective has received little attention. Additionally,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Juncheng Dong , Suya Wu , Mohammadreza Sultani , Vahid Tarokh

Adversarial attacks pose a significant threat to the reliability of pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as GPT, BERT, RoBERTa, and T5. This paper presents Adversarial Robustness through Dynamic Ensemble Learning (ARDEL), a novel scheme…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Hetvi Waghela , Jaydip Sen , Sneha Rakshit

Current LLM-based frameworks for text anonymization usually rely on remote API services from powerful LLMs, which creates an inherent privacy paradox: users must disclose the raw data to untrusted third parties for guaranteed privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Donghang Duan , Xu Zheng , Yuefeng He , Chong Mu , Leyi Cai , Lizong Zhang

Multimodal learning, which integrates data from diverse sensory modes, plays a pivotal role in artificial intelligence. However, existing multimodal learning methods often struggle with challenges where some modalities appear more dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiaohui Zhang , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal , Huaxiu Yao

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly deployed in resource-constrained environments, yet the go-to function approximators - multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) - are often parameter-inefficient due to an imperfect inductive bias for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Rajib Mostakim , Reza T. Batley , Sourav Saha

Due to its static protocol design, IEEE 802.11 (aka Wi-Fi) channel access lacks adaptability to address dynamic network conditions, resulting in inefficient spectrum utilization, unnecessary contention, and packet collisions. This paper…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Miguel Casasnovas , Francesc Wilhelmi , Richard Combes , Maksymilian Wojnar , Katarzyna Kosek-Szott , Szymon Szott , Anders Jonsson , Luis Esteve , Boris Bellalta

This paper presents a novel method for synthesizing new physical layer modulation and coding schemes for communications systems using a learning-based approach which does not require an analytic model of the impairments in the channel. It…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-09 Timothy J. O'Shea , Tamoghna Roy , Nathan West , Benjamin C. Hilburn

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques allow for multiplexing and/or diversity gain, and will be widely deployed in future wireless systems. In this paper, we propose a MIMO-assisted channel-based authentication scheme, exploiting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-07-29 Liang Xiao , Larry Greenstein , Narayan Mandayam , Wade Trappe

The research presents a study on enhancing the robustness of Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning systems against adversarial attacks. The goal is to improve the positioning accuracy and resilience of these systems under two attack scenarios:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Mitul Goswami , Romit Chatterjee , Somnath Mahato , Prasant Kumar Pattnaik

This paper proposes a robust adversarial reinforcement learning (RARL)-based multi-access point (AP) coordination method that is robust even against unexpected decentralized operations of uncoordinated APs. Multi-AP coordination is a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Yuto Kihira , Yusuke Koda , Koji Yamamoto , Takayuki Nishio , Masahiro Morikura

In this paper we consider authentication at the physical layer, in which the authenticator aims at distinguishing a legitimate supplicant from an attacker on the basis of the characteristics of a set of parallel wireless channels, which are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Linda Senigagliesi , Marco Baldi , Ennio Gambi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in sequential decision tasks. However, recent studies have revealed the vulnerability of RL policies to different perturbations, raising concerns about their effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Buqing Nie , Yangqing Fu , Jingtian Ji , Yue Gao

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) has become a crucial enabling technology for 5G and beyond, providing previously unheard-of increases in energy and spectrum efficiency. It is still difficult to guarantee secure communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Nipun Agarwal

Defending against physical adversarial attacks is a rapidly growing topic in deep learning and computer vision. Prominent forms of physical adversarial attacks, such as overlaid adversarial patches and objects, share similarities with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Perry Deng , Mohammad Saidur Rahman , Matthew Wright

As deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely applied in the physical world, many researches are focusing on physical-world adversarial examples (PAEs), which introduce perturbations to inputs and cause the model's incorrect outputs. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yichen Wang , Yuxuan Chou , Ziqi Zhou , Hangtao Zhang , Wei Wan , Shengshan Hu , Minghui Li