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Persona-based dialogue generation is an important milestone towards building conversational artificial intelligence. Despite the ever-improving capabilities of large language models (LLMs), effectively integrating persona fidelity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Arpita Saggar , Jonathan C. Darling , Vania Dimitrova , Duygu Sarikaya , David C. Hogg

Perceptually-inspired objective functions such as the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR), and short-time objective intelligibility (STOI), have recently been used to optimize performance of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-27 Khandokar Md. Nayem , Donald S. Williamson

We propose UNIVERSE++, a universal speech enhancement method based on score-based diffusion and adversarial training. Specifically, we improve the existing UNIVERSE model that decouples clean speech feature extraction and diffusion. Our…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Robin Scheibler , Yusuke Fujita , Yuma Shirahata , Tatsuya Komatsu

Diffusion-based large language models offer a non-autoregressive alternative for text generation, but enabling them to perform complex reasoning remains challenging. Reinforcement learning has recently emerged as an effective post-training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shaoan Xie , Lingjing Kong , Xiangchen Song , Xinshuai Dong , Guangyi Chen , Eric P. Xing , Kun Zhang

Adapting a pretrained diffusion model to new objectives at inference time remains an open problem in generative modeling. Existing steering methods suffer from inaccurate value estimation, especially at high noise levels, which biases…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Vineet Jain , Kusha Sareen , Mohammad Pedramfar , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Recent years have seen significant advancements in foundation models through generative pre-training, yet algorithmic innovation in this space has largely stagnated around autoregressive models for discrete signals and diffusion models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jiaming Song , Linqi Zhou

Imperceptible text-based speech editing allows users to modify spoken content by altering the transcript. It demands that modified segments fuse seamlessly with the surrounding context. Prevalent methods operating in the acoustic space…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yong Ren , Jiangyan Yi , Jianhua Tao , Zhengqi Wen , Tao Wang

Visual and auditory perception are two crucial ways humans experience the world. Text-to-video generation has made remarkable progress over the past year, but the absence of harmonious audio in generated video limits its broader…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yong Ren , Chenxing Li , Manjie Xu , Wei Liang , Yu Gu , Rilin Chen , Dong Yu

The growing demand for text-to-image generation has led to rapid advances in generative modeling. Recently, text-to-image diffusion models trained with flow matching algorithms, such as FLUX, have achieved remarkable progress and emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zikai Zhou , Muyao Wang , Shitong Shao , Lichen Bai , Haoyi Xiong , Bo Han , Zeke Xie

Scaling test-time compute has emerged as a key strategy for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), particularly in tasks like mathematical problem-solving. A traditional approach, Self-Consistency (SC),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Nishad Singhi , Hritik Bansal , Arian Hosseini , Aditya Grover , Kai-Wei Chang , Marcus Rohrbach , Anna Rohrbach

In this paper, we propose a novel score-base generative model for unconditional raw audio synthesis. Our proposal builds upon the latest developments on diffusion process modeling with stochastic differential equations, which already…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Simon Rouard , Gaëtan Hadjeres

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds large language model outputs in external evidence, but remains challenged on multi-hop question answering that requires long reasoning. Recent works scale RAG at inference time along two…

Sampling-based search, a simple paradigm for utilizing test-time compute, involves generating multiple candidate responses and selecting the best one -- typically by having models self-verify each response for correctness. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Eric Zhao , Pranjal Awasthi , Sreenivas Gollapudi

We propose a theoretical framework for thinking about score normalization, which confirms that normalization is not needed under (admittedly fragile) ideal conditions. If, however, these conditions are not met, e.g. under data-set shift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-29 Albert Swart , Niko Brummer

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become an effective paradigm for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) and visual generative models. However, its application in text-to-audio (TTA) generation remains largely under-explored. Prior work…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Xiquan Li , Junxi Liu , Wenxi Chen , Haina Zhu , Ziyang Ma , Xie Chen

Generative models typically sample outputs independently, and recent inference-time guidance and scaling algorithms focus on improving the quality of individual samples. However, in real-world applications, users are often presented with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Gaurav Parmar , Or Patashnik , Daniil Ostashev , Kuan-Chieh Wang , Kfir Aberman , Srinivasa Narasimhan , Jun-Yan Zhu

Scaling the test-time compute of large language models has demonstrated impressive performance on reasoning benchmarks. However, existing evaluations of test-time scaling make the strong assumption that a reasoning system should always give…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-21 William Jurayj , Jeffrey Cheng , Benjamin Van Durme

Universal speech enhancement aims at handling inputs with various speech distortions and recording conditions. In this work, we propose a novel hybrid architecture that synergizes the signal fidelity of discriminative modeling with the…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yinghao Liu , Chengwei Liu , Xiaotao Liang , Haoyin Yan , Shaofei Xue , Zheng Xue

In this paper, we present a framework for contrastive learning for audio representations, in a self supervised frame work without access to any ground truth labels. The core idea in self supervised contrastive learning is to map an audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Prateek Verma , Julius Smith

To align conditional text generation model outputs with desired behaviors, there has been an increasing focus on training the model using reinforcement learning (RL) with reward functions learned from human annotations. Under this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Vishakh Padmakumar , Thibault Sellam , Ankur P. Parikh , He He