English
Related papers

Related papers: Failure Makes the Agent Stronger: Enhancing Accura…

200 papers

Formative feedback is central to effective learning, yet providing timely, individualised feedback at scale remains a persistent challenge. While recent work has explored the use of large language models (LLMs) to automate feedback, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Fares Fawzi , Seyed Parsa Neshaei , Marta Knezevic , Tanya Nazaretsky , Tanja Käser

Deep learning-based recommendation has become a widely adopted technique in various online applications. Typically, a deployed model undergoes frequent re-training to capture users' dynamic behaviors from newly collected interaction logs.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Guohao Cai , Jieming Zhu , Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Xiuqiang He , Ruiming Tang , Rui Zhang

The functionality of Large Language Model (LLM) agents is primarily determined by two capabilities: action planning and answer summarization. The former, action planning, is the core capability that dictates an agent's performance. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhiwei Li , Yong Hu , Wenqing Wang

While large language models (LLMs) are proficient at question-answering (QA), it is not always clear how (or even if) an answer follows from their latent "beliefs". This lack of interpretability is a growing impediment to widespread use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Nora Kassner , Oyvind Tafjord , Ashish Sabharwal , Kyle Richardson , Hinrich Schuetze , Peter Clark

Tool learning aims to enhance and expand large language models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools, which has gained significant attention recently. Current methods have shown that LLMs can effectively handle a certain amount of tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Wenjie Li

Large language models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate or fabricated information and generally fail to indicate their confidence, which limits their broader applications. Previous work elicits confidence from LLMs by direct or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Tianyang Xu , Shujin Wu , Shizhe Diao , Xiaoze Liu , Xingyao Wang , Yangyi Chen , Jing Gao

Self-reflection for Large Language Models (LLMs) has gained significant attention. Existing approaches involve models iterating and improving their previous responses based on LLMs' internal reflection ability or external feedback. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Liping Liu , Chunhong Zhang , Likang Wu , Chuang Zhao , Zheng Hu , Ming He , Jianping Fan

Standard reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model (LLM) agents typically optimizes extrinsic rewards, prioritizing isolated task completion over continual adaptation. Consequently, agents often converge to suboptimal policies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiaoying Zhang , Zichen Liu , Yipeng Zhang , Xia Hu , Wenqi Shao

This paper presents a benchmark self-evolving framework to dynamically evaluate rapidly advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming for a more accurate assessment of their capabilities and limitations. We utilize a multi-agent system to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Siyuan Wang , Zhuohan Long , Zhihao Fan , Zhongyu Wei , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited the ability to effectively utilize external tools to address user queries. However, their performance may be limited in complex, multi-turn interactions involving users and multiple tools. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fan Yin , Zifeng Wang , I-Hung Hsu , Jun Yan , Ke Jiang , Yanfei Chen , Jindong Gu , Long T. Le , Kai-Wei Chang , Chen-Yu Lee , Hamid Palangi , Tomas Pfister

Intrinsic self-correction in Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently fails in open-ended reasoning tasks due to ``hallucination snowballing,'' a phenomenon in which models recursively justify early errors during free-text reflection. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Hongxu Zhou

Large language model (LLM) agents with tool-calling capabilities are increasingly deployed in production systems, yet a fundamental reliability question remains under-explored: does the same agent behave the same way twice? We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Abel Yagubyan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in dialogue, yet redundant memory contexts severely limit their effectiveness in long-term dialogue agents. External memory systems have been proposed to improve memory…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Tan Wang , Yunwei Dong

In collaborative settings, sustaining momentum and engagement between checkpoints (e.g., meetings) can be challenging, often leading to task drift and reduced preparedness. To address this gap, we developed ReflectEd, an AI-assisted system…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Md Nazmus Sakib , Ishika Tarin , Naga Manogna Rayasam , Manas Gaur , Sanorita Dey

Large language models (LLMs) have become a strong foundation for multi-agent systems, but their effectiveness depends heavily on orchestration design. Across different tasks, role design, capacity assignment, and dependency construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xudong Chen , Yixin Liu , Hua Wei , Kaize Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of reasoning tasks. Recent methods have further improved LLM performance in complex mathematical reasoning. However, when extending these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Chen He , Xun Jiang , Lei Wang , Hao Yang , Chong Peng , Peng Yan , Fumin Shen , Xing Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate functionally correct solutions but often fall short in code efficiency, a critical bottleneck for real-world deployment. In this paper, we introduce a novel test-time iterative optimization framework to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Mingzhe Du , Luu Anh Tuan , Yue Liu , Yuhao Qing , Dong Huang , Xinyi He , Qian Liu , Zejun Ma , See-kiong Ng

Credit assignment, the process of attributing credit or blame to individual agents for their contributions to a team's success or failure, remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), particularly in…

Tool learning methods have enhanced the ability of large language models (LLMs) to interact with real-world applications. Many existing works fine-tune LLMs or design prompts to enable LLMs to select appropriate tools and correctly invoke…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Chengrui Huang , Zhengliang Shi , Yuntao Wen , Xiuying Chen , Peng Han , Shen Gao , Shuo Shang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human users in interactive settings such as therapy, education, and social role-play. While these simulations enable scalable training and evaluation of AI agents, off-the-shelf…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Marwa Abdulhai , Ryan Cheng , Donovan Clay , Tim Althoff , Sergey Levine , Natasha Jaques