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The Shannon entropy is a fundamental measure for quantifying diversity and model complexity in fields such as information theory, ecology, and genetics. However, many existing studies assume that the number of species is known, an…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-23 Takato Hashino , Koji Tsukuda

Obtaining accurate photometric redshift estimations is an important aspect of cosmology, remaining a prerequisite of many analyses. In creating novel methods to produce redshift estimations, there has been a shift towards using machine…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Ben Henghes , Connor Pettitt , Jeyan Thiyagalingam , Tony Hey , Ofer Lahav

Reliable quantification of uncertainty in Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) point clouds is essential for ensuring the accuracy and credibility of downstream applications such as 3D mapping, modeling, and change analysis. Traditional backward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ziyang Xu , Olaf Wysocki , Christoph Holst

Deep learning models have shown encouraging capabilities for mapping accurately forests at medium resolution with TanDEM-X interferometric SAR data. Such models, as most of current state-of-the-art deep learning techniques in remote…

Acquiring information on large areas on the earth's surface through satellite cameras allows us to see much more than we can see while standing on the ground. This assists us in detecting and monitoring the physical characteristics of an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Aditya Kumar Singh , B. Uma Shankar

Forest fire spreading is a complex phenomenon characterized by a stochastic behavior. Nowadays, the enormous quantity of georeferenced data and the availability of powerful techniques for their analysis can provide a very careful picture of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-06 Roberto Beneduci , Giovanni Mascali

Canonical distances such as Euclidean distance often fail to capture the appropriate relationships between items, subsequently leading to subpar inference and prediction. Many algorithms have been proposed for automated learning of suitable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-24 Tyler M. Tomita , Joshua T. Vogelstein

Spatial point pattern data are routinely encountered. A flexible regression model for the underlying intensity is essential to characterizing the spatial point pattern and understanding the impacts of potential risk factors on such pattern.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-15 Jieying Jiao , Guanyu Hu , Jun Yan

Rapid and accurate wildfire smoke severity assessment from satellite images is essential for emergency response, air quality modeling, and human health risk management. Existing deep learning approaches treat smoke detection as a binary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ranjith Chodavarapu

Mapping standing dead trees is crucial for acquiring information on the effects of climate change on forests and forest biodiversity. However, leveraging high-quality aerial imagery for dead tree segmentation poses challenges due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mete Ahishali , Anis Ur Rahman , Einari Heinaro , Aysen Degerli , Samuli Junttila

Decision trees provide a rich family of highly non-linear but efficient models, due to which they continue to be the go-to family of predictive models by practitioners across domains. But learning trees is challenging due to their discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Ajaykrishna Karthikeyan , Naman Jain , Nagarajan Natarajan , Prateek Jain

Accurate estimation of forest biomass, a major carbon sink, relies heavily on tree-level traits such as height and species. Unoccupied Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) capturing high-resolution imagery from a single RGB camera offer a cost-effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Jannik Endres , Etienne Laliberté , David Rolnick , Arthur Ouaknine

We propose a new method to estimate a root-directed spanning tree from extreme data. A prominent example is a river network, to be discovered from extreme flow measured at a set of stations. Our new algorithm utilizes qualitative aspects of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-29 Ngoc Mai Tran , Johannes Buck , Claudia Klüppelberg

The trace $\tr(q(\ma{L} + q\ma{I})^{-1})$, where $\ma{L}$ is a symmetric diagonally dominant matrix, is the quantity of interest in some machine learning problems. However, its direct computation is impractical if the matrix size is large.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-14 Yusuf Yigit Pilavci , Pierre-Olivier Amblard , Simon Barthelme , Nicolas Tremblay

As a flexible nonparametric learning tool, the random forests algorithm has been widely applied to various real applications with appealing empirical performance, even in the presence of high-dimensional feature space. Unveiling the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Chien-Ming Chi , Patrick Vossler , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv

Standard supervised learning procedures are validated against a test set that is assumed to have come from the same distribution as the training data. However, in many problems, the test data may have come from a different distribution. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-28 Tim Coleman , Kimberly Kaufeld , Mary Frances Dorn , Lucas Mentch

The diameter distribution of a given species of deciduous trees in mature, temperate zone forests is well approximated by a Gamma distribution. Here we give new experimental evidence for this conjecture by analyzing deciduous tree size data…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-17 Szabolcs Kelemen , Máté Józsa , Tibor Hartel , György Csóka , Zoltán Néda

Research into the classification of time series has made enormous progress in the last decade. The UCR time series archive has played a significant role in challenging and guiding the development of new learners for time series…

Many fundamental statistical methods have become critical tools for scientific data analysis yet do not scale tractably to modern large datasets. This paper will describe very recent algorithms based on computational geometry which have…

Random forests are classical ensemble algorithms that construct multiple randomized decision trees and aggregate their predictions using naive averaging. \citet{zhou2019deep} further propose a deep forest algorithm with multi-layer forests,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shen-Huan Lyu , Jin-Hui Wu , Qin-Cheng Zheng , Baoliu Ye