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Throughout the past decade, research in HCI has identified numerous instances of dark patterns in digital interfaces. These efforts have led to a well-fostered typology describing harmful strategies users struggle to navigate. However, an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Thomas Mildner , Albert Inkoom , Rainer Malaka , Jasmin Niess

Dark patterns are deceptive user interface designs for online services that make users behave in unintended ways. Dark patterns, such as privacy invasion, financial loss, and emotional distress, can harm users. These issues have been the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yuki Yada , Tsuneo Matsumoto , Fuyuko Kido , Hayato Yamana

The rise of cookie paywalls ('pay-or-ok' models) has prompted growing debates around the right to privacy and data protection, monetisation, and the legitimacy of user consent. Despite their increasing use across sectors, limited research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Victor Morel , Farzaneh Karegar , Cristiana Santos

Deceptive/Manipulative Patterns (DMP) are interface designs, also known as ``dark patterns,'' that manipulate user behavior. While considerable attention has been paid to their ethical and legal implications, empirical evidence about their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Brennan Schaffner , Luis Heysen , Marshini Chetty

To protect consumer privacy, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) mandates that businesses provide consumers with a straightforward way to opt out of the sale and sharing of their personal information. However, the control that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Van Hong Tran , Aarushi Mehrotra , Ranya Sharma , Marshini Chetty , Nick Feamster , Jens Frankenreiter , Lior Strahilevitz

Users disclose ever-increasing amounts of personal data on Social Network Service platforms (SNS). Unless SNSs' policies are privacy friendly, this leaves them vulnerable to privacy risks because they ignore the privacy policies. Designers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Jana Korunovska , Bernadette Kamleitner , Sarah Spiekermann

Manipulation defines many of our experiences as a consumer, including subtle nudges and overt advertising campaigns that seek to gain our attention and money. With the advent of digital services that can continuously optimize online…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Colin M. Gray , Jingle Chen , Shruthi Sai Chivukula , Liyang Qu

The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires websites to ask for consent to the use of cookies for \emph{specific purposes}. This enlarges the relevant design space for consent dialogs. Websites could try to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Dominique Machuletz , Rainer Böhme

Today's largest technology corporations, especially ones with consumer-facing products such as social media platforms, use a variety of unethical and often outright illegal tactics to maintain their dominance. One tactic that has risen to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Michelle Nie

Cookie banners are devices implemented by websites to allow users to manage their privacy settings with respect to the use of cookies. They are part of a user's daily web browsing experience since legislation in Europe requires websites to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Georgios Kampanos , Siamak F. Shahandashti

Manipulative design in user interfaces (conceptualized as dark patterns) has emerged as a significant impediment to the ethical design of technology and a threat to user agency and freedom of choice. While previous research focused on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mateusz Dubiel , Anastasia Sergeeva , Luis A. Leiva

This paper addresses the critical issue of deceptive design elements prevalent in technology, and their potential impact on children. Recent research highlights the impact of dark patterns on adults and adolescents, while studies involving…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Noverah Khan , Hira Eiraj Daud , Suleman Shahid

Dark patterns are deceptive user interfaces employed by e-commerce websites to manipulate user's behavior in a way that benefits the website, often unethically. This study investigates the detection of such dark patterns. Existing solutions…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Arya Ramteke , Sankalp Tembhurne , Gunesh Sonawane , Ratnmala N. Bhimanpallewar

During the past few years, mostly as a result of the GDPR and the CCPA, websites have started to present users with cookie consent banners. These banners are web forms where the users can state their preference and declare which cookies…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Emmanouil Papadogiannakis , Panagiotis Papadopoulos , Nicolas Kourtellis , Evangelos P. Markatos

Consent dialogues are a source of annoyance, malicious intent, dark patterns, illegal practices and a plethora of other issues. This work presents known problems based on GDPR requirements grouped into two categories: (i) UI/UX for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Harshvardhan J. Pandit

The study of UX dark patterns, i.e., UI designs that seek to manipulate user behaviors, often for the benefit of online services, has drawn significant attention in the CHI and CSCW communities in recent years. To complement previous…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yuwen Lu , Chao Zhang , Yuewen Yang , Yaxing Yao , Toby Jia-Jun Li

Privacy in Social Network Sites (SNSs) like Facebook or Instagram is closely related to people's self-disclosure decisions and their ability to foresee the consequences of sharing personal information with large and diverse audiences.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Nicolas E. Díaz Ferreyra , Esma Aïmeur , Hicham Hage , Maritta Heisel , Catherine García van Hoogstraten

With the increasing concerns around privacy and the enforcement of data privacy laws, many websites now provide users with privacy controls. However, locating these controls can be challenging, as they are frequently hidden within multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Rahat Masood , Sunday Oyinlola Ogundoyin , Muhammad Ikram , Alex Ye

In 2002, the European Union (EU) introduced the ePrivacy Directive to regulate the usage of online tracking technologies. Its aim is to make tracking mechanisms explicit while increasing privacy awareness in users. It mandates websites to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Martino Trevisan , Stefano Traverso , Hassan Metwalley , Marco Mellia

Introducing in-car health monitoring systems offers substantial potential to improve driver safety. However, camera-based sensing technologies introduce significant privacy concerns. This study investigates the impact of transparent user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hauke Sandhaus , Madiha Zahrah Choksi , Wendy Ju