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Complexity of dynamics is at the core of quantum many-body chaos and exhibits a hierarchical feature: higher-order complexity implies more chaotic dynamics. Conventional ergodicity in thermalization processes is a manifestation of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-05-06 Kazuya Kaneko , Eiki Iyoda , Takahiro Sagawa

We investigate the eigenstate thermalization in terms of a Hermitian operator and the complex eigenkets that follows Gaussian ensemble distribution. With the non-Hermitian open bipartite system, there are, however, some global restrictions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-09 Chen-Huan Wu

A large class of isolated quantum system in a pure state can equilibrate and serve as a heat bath. We show that once the equilibrium is reached, any of its subsystems that is much smaller than the isolated system is thermalized such that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-06-13 Quntao Zhuang , Biao Wu

We revisit the J1-J2 frustrated Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain with dimerization ({\delta}) or modulation in the nearest-neighbor couplings to investigate its thermalization behavior. While the dimerization tends to induce localization, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-05 Smitarani Mishra , Shaon Sahoo

The thermodynamics of black holes (BHs) within the Einstein Maxwell Scalar (EMS) framework, incorporating Barrow entropy and its logarithmic corrections to analyze quantum gravity effects is investigated here. A static, spherically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-08 Ritabrata Biswas , Satyajit Pal

Time dependent perturbations of states in the holographic dual of a 3+1 dimensional confining theory are considered. The perturbations are induced by varying the coupling to the theory's most relevant operator. The dual gravitational theory…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-31 Takaaki Ishii , Elias Kiritsis , Christopher Rosen

We prove that any deterministic matrix is approximately the identity in the eigenbasis of a large random Wigner matrix with very high probability and with an optimal error inversely proportional to the square root of the dimension. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Giorgio Cipolloni , László Erdős , Dominik Schröder

The eigenstate thermalisation hypothesis resolves the paradox of emergent thermal or classical behaviour in a closed quantum system by focussing upon local observations. This permits the remainder of the system to act as a bath,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-09-11 Andrew Hallam , James Morley , Andrew G. Green

In this paper we provide a universal description of the behavior of the basic operators of the Schwarzian theory in pure states. When the pure states are energy eigenstates, expectation values of non-extensive operators are thermal. On the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-22 Pranjal Nayak , Julian Sonner , Manuel Vielma

We find non-monotonic equilibrium energy distributions, qualitatively different from the Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein forms, in strongly-interacting many-body chaotic systems. The effect emerges in systems with finite energy spectra,…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-01-01 Vladimir A. Yurovsky , Amichay Vardi

We present preliminary numerical evidence for the hypothesis that the Hamiltonian SU(2) gauge theory discretized on a lattice obeys the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). To do so we study three approximations: (a) a linear…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-08-29 Lukas Ebner , Berndt Müller , Andreas Schäfer , Clemens Seidl , Xiaojun Yao

We investigate off-diagonal matrix elements of local operators in integrable spin chains, focusing on the isotropic spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg chain ($XXX$ chain). We employ state-of-the-art Algebraic Bethe Ansatz results, which allow us to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-18 Federico Rottoli , Vincenzo Alba

Statistical mechanics provides a framework for describing the physics of large, complex many-body systems using only a few macroscopic parameters to determine the state of the system. For isolated quantum many-body systems, such a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-11 Piotr Sierant , Maciej Lewenstein , Antonello Scardicchio , Lev Vidmar , Jakub Zakrzewski

The two primary categories for eigenstate phases of matter at finite temperature are many-body localization (MBL) and the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). We show that in the paradigmatic quantum $p$-spin models of spin-glass…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-03-29 C. L. Baldwin , C. R. Laumann , A. Pal , A. Scardicchio

Two identical finite quantum systems prepared initially at different temperatures, isolated from the environment, and subsequently brought into contact are demonstrated to relax towards Gibbs-like quasi-equilibrium states with a common…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-01-10 Alexey V. Ponomarev , Sergey Denisov , Peter Hänggi

We study probe corrections to the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) in the context of 2D CFTs with large central charge and a sparse spectrum of low dimension operators. In particular, we focus on observables in the form of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-01 Thomas Faulkner , Huajia Wang

We study the relative entropy of highly excited quantum states. First, we sample states from the Wishart ensemble and develop a large-N diagrammatic technique for the relative entropy. The solution is exactly expressed in terms of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-28 Jonah Kudler-Flam

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has been established as a cornerstone for understanding thermalization in quantum many-body systems. Recently, there has been growing interest in the full ETH, which extends the framework of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Merlin Füllgraf , Jochen Gemmer , Jiaozi Wang

It is believed that thermalization in closed systems of interacting particles can occur only when the eigenstates are fully delocalized and chaotic in the preferential (unperturbed) basis of the total Hamiltonian. Here we demonstrate that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Fausto Borgonovi , Felix M. Izrailev

Proving thermalization from the unitary evolution of a closed quantum system is one of the oldest questions that is still nowadays only partially resolved. Several efforts have led to various formulations of what is called the eigenstate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Christian Bertoni , Clara Wassner , Giacomo Guarnieri , Jens Eisert