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We explore the use of GPT-4 on a humanoid robot in simulation and the real world as proof of concept of a novel large language model (LLM) driven behaviour method. LLMs have shown the ability to perform various tasks, including robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Thomas O'Brien , Ysobel Sims

The centralization of Large Language Models (LLMs) development has created significant barriers to AI advancement, limiting the democratization of these powerful technologies. This centralization, coupled with the scarcity of high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zan-Kai Chong , Hiroyuki Ohsaki , Bryan Ng

The hallucination problem of Large Language Models (LLMs) has increasingly drawn attention. Augmenting LLMs with external knowledge is a promising solution to address this issue. However, due to privacy and security concerns, a vast amount…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhaojiacheng Zhou , Hongze Liu , Shijing Yuan , Hanning Zhang , Jiong Lou , Chentao Wu , Jie Li

Autonomous agents driven by Large Language Models (LLMs) offer enormous potential for automation. Early proof of this technology can be found in various demonstrations of agents solving complex tasks, interacting with external systems to…

Recent surges in LLM-driven intelligent systems largely overlook decades of foundational multi-agent systems (MAS) research, resulting in frameworks with critical limitations such as centralization and inadequate trust and communication…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Michael J. Wooldridge , Attila Bagoly , Jonathan J. Ward , Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriel Paludo Licks

AI agents, empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs) and communication protocols such as MCP and A2A, have rapidly evolved from simple chatbots to autonomous entities capable of executing complex, multi-step tasks, demonstrating great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Erhu Feng , Wenbo Zhou , Zibin Liu , Le Chen , Yunpeng Dong , Cheng Zhang , Yisheng Zhao , Dong Du , Zhichao Hua , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

Foundation models including large language models (LLMs) are increasingly attracting interest worldwide for their distinguished capabilities and potential to perform a wide variety of tasks. Nevertheless, people are concerned about whether…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Yue Liu , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Hye-Young Paik

The potential of Large Language Model (LLM) as agents has been widely acknowledged recently. Thus, there is an urgent need to quantitatively \textit{evaluate LLMs as agents} on challenging tasks in interactive environments. We present…

High-stakes decision domains are increasingly exploring the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex decision-making tasks. However, LLM deployment in real-world settings presents challenges in data security, evaluation of its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Swati Sachan , Theo Miller , Mai Phuong Nguyen

Despite advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), their integration into language-grounded, human-like embodied agents remains incomplete, hindering complex real-life task performance in physical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zhili Cheng , Zhitong Wang , Jinyi Hu , Shengding Hu , An Liu , Yuge Tu , Pengkai Li , Lei Shi , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems to overcome context limitations by distributing information across agents. Yet whether agents can reliably compute with distributed information, rather than merely…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuzhe Zhang , Feiran Liu , Yi Shan , Xinyi Huang , Xin Yang , Yueqi Zhu , Xuxin Cheng , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Wenyuan Jiang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) revolutionize the field of intelligent agents, enabling collaborative multi-agent systems capable of tackling complex problems across various domains. However, the potential of conformity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Zhiyuan Weng , Guikun Chen , Wenguan Wang

LLM-powered Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) unlock new potentials in distributed reasoning, collaboration, and task generalization but also introduce additional risks due to unguaranteed agreement, cascading uncertainty, and adversarial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Shuang Ao , Zhuoyun Li , Boxuan Wang , Lokesh Singh , Guangliang Cheng , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Xiaowei Huang

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) faces a significant challenge: the exhausting of publicly available fresh data. This is because training a LLM needs a large demanding of new data. Federated learning emerges as a promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Xuhan Zuo , Minghao Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Dayong Ye , Shui Yu , Wanlei Zhou

Credit assignment, the process of attributing credit or blame to individual agents for their contributions to a team's success or failure, remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), particularly in…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in collaborative settings, yet little is known about how they coordinate when treated as black-box agents. We simulate 7500 multi-agent, multi-round discussions in an inductive coding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Angelina Parfenova , Alexander Denzler , Juergen Pfeffer

Federated Learning (FL) has recently emerged as a collaborative learning paradigm that can train a global model among distributed participants without raw data exchange to satisfy varying requirements. However, there remain several…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yuandou Wang , Zhiming Zhao

The possibilities of decentralization and immutability make blockchain probably one of the most breakthrough and promising technological innovations in recent years. This paper presents an overview, analysis, and classification of possible…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing but exhibit limitations, particularly in autonomously addressing novel challenges such as reasoning and problem-solving. Traditional techniques like…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sumedh Rasal

LLM-based agents represent a paradigm shift in AI, enabling autonomous systems to plan, reason, and use tools while interacting with dynamic environments. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey of evaluation methods for these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Alan Li , Guy Uziel , Yilun Zhao , Roy Bar-Haim , Arman Cohan , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer