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Agents built with large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential across a wide range of domains. However, in complex decision-making tasks, pure LLM-based agents tend to exhibit intrinsic bias in their choice of actions, which is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zelai Xu , Chao Yu , Fei Fang , Yu Wang , Yi Wu

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly engage in complex social interactions, ensuring that their behaviors align with human ethical principles and intentions, known as value alignment, has become a critical scientific challenge.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yu Lei , Hao Liu , Chengxing Xie , Songjia Liu , Zhiyu Yin , Canyu Chen , Guohao Li , Philip Torr , Zhen Wu

We discuss the emerging new opportunity for building feedback-rich computational models of social systems using generative artificial intelligence. Referred to as Generative Agent-Based Models (GABMs), such individual-level models utilize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Navid Ghaffarzadegan , Aritra Majumdar , Ross Williams , Niyousha Hosseinichimeh

Human cognition excels at transcending sensory input and forming latent representations that structure our understanding of the world. While Large Language Model (LLM) agents demonstrate emergent reasoning and decision-making abilities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hengguan Huang , Xing Shen , Songtao Wang , Lingfa Meng , Dianbo Liu , David Alejandro Duchene , Hao Wang , Samir Bhatt

LLM alignment has progressed in single-agent settings through paradigms such as RL with human feedback (RLHF), while recent work explores scalable alternatives such as RL with AI feedback (RLAIF) and dynamic alignment objectives. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Nima Asgharbeygi , Jad Tarifi

Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly permeating various domains of human production and life, highlighting the importance of aligning them with human values. The current alignment of AI systems primarily focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shimin Li , Tianxiang Sun , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu

Reinforcement learning for LLM agents is typically conducted on a static data distribution, which fails to adapt to the agent's evolving behavior and leads to poor coverage of complex environment interactions. To address these challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Shidong Yang , Ziyu Ma , Tongwen Huang , Yiming Hu , Yong Wang , Xiangxiang Chu

Contemporary research in social sciences increasingly utilizes state-of-the-art generative language models to annotate or generate content. While these models achieve benchmark-leading performance on common language tasks, their application…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Simon Münker

In multi-agent tasks, the central challenge lies in the dynamic adaptation of strategies. However, directly conditioning on opponents' strategies is intractable in the prevalent deep reinforcement learning paradigm due to a fundamental…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yue Lin , Shuhui Zhu , Wenhao Li , Ang Li , Dan Qiao , Pascal Poupart , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at logical and algorithmic reasoning, yet their emotional intelligence (EQ) still lags far behind their cognitive prowess. While reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) has advanced in other…

Simulating student learning behaviors in open-ended problem-solving environments holds potential for education research, from training adaptive tutoring systems to stress-testing pedagogical interventions. However, collecting authentic data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Hanchen David Wang , Clayton Cohn , Zifan Xu , Siyuan Guo , Gautam Biswas , Meiyi Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential for generating complex behaviors, yet most approaches lack mechanisms for modeling social motivation in human-like multi-agent interaction. We introduce Autonomous Social…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jingzhe Lin , Ceyao Zhang , Yaodong Yang , Yizhou Wang , Song-Chun Zhu , Fangwei Zhong

Simulating high quality user behavior data has always been a fundamental problem in human-centered applications, where the major difficulty originates from the intricate mechanism of human decision process. Recently, substantial evidences…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Lei Wang , Jingsen Zhang , Hao Yang , Zhiyuan Chen , Jiakai Tang , Zeyu Zhang , Xu Chen , Yankai Lin , Ruihua Song , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jun Xu , Zhicheng Dou , Jun Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), the prevalence of iterative interactions among these models is anticipated to increase. Notably, recent advancements in multi-round self-improving methods allow LLMs to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yi Ren , Shangmin Guo , Linlu Qiu , Bailin Wang , Danica J. Sutherland

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to significantly enhance human productivity by reasoning, using tools, and executing complex tasks in diverse environments. However, current approaches to…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to role-play humans and replicate complex social dynamics. While large-scale social simulations are gaining increasing attention, they still face significant challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Xinyi Mou , Chen Qian , Wei Liu , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

While both agent interaction and personalisation are vibrant topics in research on large language models (LLMs), there has been limited focus on the effect of language interaction on the behaviour of persona-conditioned LLM agents. Such an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Ivar Frisch , Mario Giulianelli

As Socially Interactive Agents (SIAs) become increasingly integrated into daily life, the ability to calibrate user trust to an agent's actual capabilities would help ensure appropriate usage of these agents. In this paper, we explore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Lucie Galland , Chloé Clavel , Magalie Ochs

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, effectively aligning LLMs with diverse human preferences remains a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Chengao Li , Hanyu Zhang , Yunkun Xu , Hongyan Xue , Xiang Ao , Qing He

Existing AI systems for modeling human behavior operate at the level of individuals or detect events after they occur. As a result, they systematically fail to capture the collective dynamics that determine whether a group remains stable or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Helene Malyutina