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Foundation models have emerged as a powerful paradigm in computational pathology (CPath), enabling scalable and generalizable analysis of histopathological images. While early developments centered on uni-modal models trained solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Dong Li , Guihong Wan , Xintao Wu , Xinyu Wu , Xiaohui Chen , Yi He , Christine G. Lian , Peter K. Sorger , Yevgeniy R. Semenov , Chen Zhao

Advancements in artificial intelligence have driven the development of numerous pathology foundation models capable of extracting clinically relevant information. However, there is currently limited literature independently evaluating these…

In recent years, foundation models such as CLIP, DINO,and CONCH have demonstrated remarkable domain generalization and unsupervised feature extraction capabilities across diverse imaging tasks. However, systematic and independent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lavish Ramchandani , Aashay Tinaikar , Dev Kumar Das , Rohit Garg , Tijo Thomas

Vision foundation models trained on discretely sampled images achieve strong performance on classification benchmarks, yet whether their representations encode the continuous processes underlying their training data remains unclear. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Pritika Vig , Ren-Chin Wu , William Lotter

The accelerated adoption of digital pathology and advances in deep learning have enabled the development of powerful models for various pathology tasks across a diverse array of diseases and patient cohorts. However, model training is often…

Foundation models for computational pathology are expected to facilitate the development of high-performing, generalisable deep learning systems. However, in addition to biologically relevant features, current foundation models also capture…

Recent advances in deep learning have completely transformed the domain of computational pathology (CPath). More specifically, it has altered the diagnostic workflow of pathologists by integrating foundation models (FMs) and vision-language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Dibaloke Chanda , Milan Aryal , Nasim Yahya Soltani , Masoud Ganji

Computational pathology foundation models (CPathFMs) have emerged as a powerful approach for analyzing histopathological data, leveraging self-supervised learning to extract robust feature representations from unlabeled whole-slide images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Dong Li , Guihong Wan , Xintao Wu , Xinyu Wu , Ajit J. Nirmal , Christine G. Lian , Peter K. Sorger , Yevgeniy R. Semenov , Chen Zhao

Pathology foundation models (PFMs) have enabled robust generalization in computational pathology through large-scale datasets and expansive architectures, but their substantial computational cost, particularly for gigapixel whole slide…

Recent rapid progress in the field of computational pathology has been enabled by foundation models. These models are beginning to move beyond encoding image patches towards whole-slide understanding but their clinical utility remains…

The use of artificial intelligence to enable precision medicine and decision support systems through the analysis of pathology images has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Such applications will depend on…

Foundation models are rapidly being developed for computational pathology applications. However, it remains an open question which factors are most important for downstream performance with data scale and diversity, model size, and training…

In computational pathology, several foundation models have recently emerged and demonstrated enhanced learning capability for analyzing pathology images. However, adapting these models to various downstream tasks remains challenging,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jeaung Lee , Jeewoo Lim , Keunho Byeon , Jin Tae Kwak

To handle the large scale of whole slide images in computational pathology, most approaches first tessellate the images into smaller patches, extract features from these patches, and finally aggregate the feature vectors with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Benedikt Roth , Valentin Koch , Sophia J. Wagner , Julia A. Schnabel , Carsten Marr , Tingying Peng

From self-supervised, vision-only models to contrastive visual-language frameworks, computational pathology has rapidly evolved in recent years. Generative AI "co-pilots" now demonstrate the ability to mine subtle, sub-visual tissue cues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Mohsin Bilal , Aadam , Manahil Raza , Youssef Altherwy , Anas Alsuhaibani , Abdulrahman Abduljabbar , Fahdah Almarshad , Paul Golding , Nasir Rajpoot

Tissue phenotyping is a fundamental computational pathology (CPath) task in learning objective characterizations of histopathologic biomarkers in anatomic pathology. However, whole-slide imaging (WSI) poses a complex computer vision problem…

The emergence of large multimodal models (LMMs) has brought significant advancements to pathology. Previous research has primarily focused on separately training patch-level and whole-slide image (WSI)-level models, limiting the integration…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yuxuan Sun , Yixuan Si , Chenglu Zhu , Xuan Gong , Kai Zhang , Pingyi Chen , Ye Zhang , Zhongyi Shui , Tao Lin , Lin Yang

In this paper, we consider the problem of visual representation learning for computational pathology, by exploiting large-scale image-text pairs gathered from public resources, along with the domain-specific knowledge in pathology.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xiao Zhou , Xiaoman Zhang , Chaoyi Wu , Ya Zhang , Weidi Xie , Yanfeng Wang

Recent breakthroughs in self-supervised learning have enabled the use of large unlabeled datasets to train visual foundation models that can generalize to a variety of downstream tasks. While this training paradigm is well suited for the…

Vision-language foundation models have shown great promise in computational pathology but remain primarily data-driven, lacking explicit integration of medical knowledge. We introduce KEEP (KnowledgE-Enhanced Pathology), a foundation model…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Xiao Zhou , Luoyi Sun , Dexuan He , Wenbin Guan , Ge Wang , Ruifen Wang , Lifeng Wang , Xiaojun Yuan , Xin Sun , Ya Zhang , Kun Sun , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie
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