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This paper presents DeepCRF, a new framework that harnesses deep learning to extract subtle micro-signals from channel state information (CSI) measurements, enabling robust and resilient radio-frequency fingerprinting (RFF) of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Ruiqi Kong , He Chen

Radio Frequency Fingerprinting through Deep Learning (RFFDL) is a data-driven IoT authentication technique that leverages the unique hardware-level manufacturing imperfections associated with a particular device to recognize (fingerprint)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Amani Al-shawabka , Philip Pietraski , Sudhir B Pattar , Pedram Johari , Tommaso Melodia

The Radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting technique makes highly secure device authentication possible for future networks by exploiting hardware imperfections introduced during manufacturing. Although this technique has received considerable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Chuanting Zhang , Shuping Dang , Junqing Zhang , Haixia Zhang , Mark A. Beach

We present a new RF fingerprinting technique for wireless emitters that is based on a simple, easily and efficiently retrainable Ridge Regression (RR) classifier. The RR learns to identify devices using bursts of waveform samples,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-11 Silvija Kokalj-Filipovic , Luke Boegner , Robert D. Miller

Radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting exploits hardware imperfections for device identification, but distinguishing between same-model devices remains challenging due to their minimal hardware variations. Existing datasets for RF…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Zewei Guo , Zhen Jia , JinXiao Zhu , Wenhao Huang , Yin Chen

Watermarking has emerged as a promising technique to track AI-generated content and differentiate it from authentic human creations. While prior work extensively studies watermarking for autoregressive large language models (LLMs) and image…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Avi Bagchi , Akhil Bhimaraju , Moulik Choraria , Daniel Alabi , Lav R. Varshney

Radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting, which extracts unique hardware imperfections of radio devices, has emerged as a promising physical-layer device identification mechanism in zero trust architectures and beyond 5G networks. In particular,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xinyu Cao , Bimal Adhikari , Shangqing Zhao , Jingxian Wu , Yanjun Pan

Watermarking the outputs of generative models is a crucial technique for tracing copyright and preventing potential harm from AI-generated content. In this paper, we introduce a novel technique called Tree-Ring Watermarking that robustly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Yuxin Wen , John Kirchenbauer , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) have established themselves as powerful tools in the rapidly evolving field of image generation, capable of producing highly realistic images. However, their widespread adoption raises critical concerns about…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zhonghao Yang , Linye Lyu , Xuanhang Chang , Daojing He , YU LI

Fingerprinting radio frequency (RF) emitters typically involves finding unique characteristics that are featured in their received signal. These fingerprints are nuanced, but sufficiently detailed, motivating the pursuit of methods that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Alex Hiles , Bashar I. Ahmad

Being trained on large and diverse datasets, visual foundation models (VFMs) can be fine-tuned to achieve remarkable performance and efficiency in various downstream computer vision tasks. The high computational cost of data collection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Anna Chistyakova , Mikhail Pautov

Radio Frequency Fingerprinting Identification (RFFI) is a lightweight physical layer identity authentication technique. It identifies the radio-frequency device by analyzing the signal feature differences caused by the inevitable minor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Donghong Cai , Jiahao Shan , Ning Gao , Bingtao He , Yingyang Chen , Shi Jin , Pingzhi Fan

Radio frequency fingerprint identification (RFFI) exploits device-specific hardware impairments for transmitter recognition, but its performance is highly vulnerable to receiver variations and changing wireless channels in cross-receiver…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Jiashuo He , Yumeng Wang , Feiyang He , Sai Huang , Yiheng Liu , Shuo Chang , Zhiyong Feng

Watermarking combines an imperceptible change to an input image that will trigger a detector, to assert provenance and protect intellectual property. The literature has shown great interest in attacks on watermarking schemes: attackers are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Maria Bulychev , Neil G. Marchant , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

In Internet of Things (IoT), radio frequency fingerprints (RFF) technology has been widely used for passive security authentication to identify the special emitter. However, few works took advantage of independent oscillator distortions at…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-12 Xiaofang Chen , Wenbo Xu , Yue Wang

Large Language Model (LLM) watermarking is crucial for establishing the provenance of machine-generated text, but most existing methods rely on a centralized trust model. This model forces users to reveal potentially sensitive text to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Xiaokun Luan , Yihao Zhang , Pengcheng Su , Feiran Lei , Meng Sun

We present DeepCSI, a novel approach to Wi-Fi radio fingerprinting (RFP) which leverages standard-compliant beamforming feedback matrices to authenticate MU-MIMO Wi-Fi devices on the move. By capturing unique imperfections in off-the-shelf…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Francesca Meneghello , Michele Rossi , Francesco Restuccia

AI developers are releasing large language models (LLMs) under a variety of different licenses. Many of these licenses restrict the ways in which the models or their outputs may be used. This raises the question how license violations may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yun-Yun Tsai , Chuan Guo , Junfeng Yang , Laurens van der Maaten

With the rise of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms,safeguarding the intellectual property of deep learning models is becoming paramount. Among various protective measures, trigger set watermarking has emerged as a flexible and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Hongyu Zhu , Sichu Liang , Wentao Hu , Fangqi Li , Ju Jia , Shilin Wang

The growing number of wireless devices increases the need for secure network access. Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF), a physical-layer authentication method, offers a promising solution as it requires no cryptography and resists…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Rundong Jiang , Jun Hu , Zhiyuan Xie , Yunqi Song , Shiyou Xu