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We propose an improved density integration methodology for Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) measurements that overcomes the noise sensitivity of the commonly used Poisson solver. The method employs a weighted least-squares (WLS)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-02 Lalit Rajendran , Jiacheng Zhang , Sally Bane , Pavlos Vlachos

In order to measure the large density-gradient fields of fluids such as underwater shock waves, we employed a fast Fourier demodulation called Fast Checkerboard Demodulation (FCD) method in Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) technique. BOS…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-02-17 Takaaki Shimazaki , Sayaka Ichihara , Yoshiyuki Tagawa

A high-resolution background-oriented schlieren (BOS) technique, which utilizes a high-resolution camera and a microdot background pattern, is proposed and used to measure the pressure field of an underwater shock wave in a microtube. The…

Three-dimensional (3D) density-varying turbulent flows are widely encountered in high-speed aerodynamics, combustion, and heterogeneous mixing processes. Multi-camera-based tomographic background-oriented Schlieren (TBOS) has emerged as a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-01 Jiawei Li , Xuhui Meng , Yuan Xiong , Tong Jia , Chong Pan , Jinjun Wang

Plasma diagnostics often employ computerized tomography to estimate emissivity profiles from a finite, and often limited, number of line-integrated measurements. Decades of algorithmic refinement have brought considerable improvements, and…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 D. Hamm , C. Theiler , M. Simeoni , B. P. Duval , T. Debarre , L. Simons , J. R. Queralt

Accurate solutions to inverse supersonic compressible flow problems are often required for designing specialized aerospace vehicles. In particular, we consider the problem where we have data available for density gradients from Schlieren…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Ameya D. Jagtap , Zhiping Mao , Nikolaus Adams , George Em Karniadakis

We present an image generation methodology based on ray tracing that can be used to render realistic images of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) experiments in the presence of density/refractive index…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-24 Lalit K. Rajendran , Sally P. M. Bane , Pavlos P. Vlachos

Simultaneously detecting hidden solid boundaries and reconstructing flow fields from sparse observations poses a significant inverse challenge in fluid mechanics. This study presents a physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-01 Yongzheng Zhu , Weizheng Chen , Jian Deng , Xin Bian

Time-of-Flight non-line-of-sight (ToF NLOS) imaging techniques provide state-of-the-art reconstructions of scenes hidden around corners by inverting the optical path of indirect photons scattered by visible surfaces and measured by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Julio Marco , Adrian Jarabo , Ji Hyun Nam , Alberto Tosi , Diego Gutierrez , Andreas Velten

We consider the statistical inverse problem of estimating a background flow field (e.g., of air or water) from the partial and noisy observation of a passive scalar (e.g., the concentration of a solute), a common experimental approach to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Jeff Borggaard , Nathan E. Glatt-Holtz , Justin A. Krometis

Imaging objects obscured by occluders is a significant challenge for many applications. A camera that could "see around corners" could help improve navigation and mapping capabilities of autonomous vehicles or make search and rescue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Felix Heide , Matthew O'Toole , Kai Zang , David Lindell , Steven Diamond , Gordon Wetzstein

The density field reconstruction technique, which was developed to partially reverse the nonlinear degradation of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) feature in the galaxy redshift surveys, has been successful in substantially improving…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-27 Hee-Jong Seo , Florian Beutler , Ashley J. Ross , Shun Saito

Seedless velocimetry is gaining interest in many industrial and research applications. We report on a comparative study of time-resolved optical velocimetry using traditional, mirror-type knife-edge schlieren optics versus…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-24 Gary S. Settles , Alex Liberzon

Most noninvasive imaging techniques utilize electromagnetic or acoustic waves originating from multiple locations and directions to identify hidden geometrical structures. Surprisingly, it is also possible to image hidden voids and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Saviz Mowlavi , Ken Kamrin

Buoyant plumes are encountered in both natural and artificial scenarios, ranging from volcanic ash clouds and wildfires to smoke from chimneys and industrial pollutant discharge to rivers and lakes. These plumes are driven by the buoyancy…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-31 Javed Mohd , Debopam Das

Schlieren imaging is a popular optical technique for visualizing flow in transparent media. In-water high-sensitivity flow visualization, using schlieren imaging, is usually performed with a large-footprint two-mirror z-configuration. Here,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-06 Shubham Saxena , Manish Kumar

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging and tracking is an emerging technology that allows the shape or position of objects around corners or behind diffusers to be recovered from transient, time-of-flight measurements. However, existing NLOS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Christopher A. Metzler , David B. Lindell , Gordon Wetzstein

Bayesian image analysis has played a large role over the last 40+ years in solving problems in image noise-reduction, de-blurring, feature enhancement, and object detection. However, these problems can be complex and lead to computational…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-15 John Kornak , Karl Young , Eric Friedman

This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible. Computational imaging, especially non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Lianfang Wang , Kuilin Qin , Xueying Liu , Huibin Chang , Yong Wang , Yuping Duan

A method is presented that is able to predict the probability of outcomes of snapshot measurements, such as the images of the instantaneous particle density distribution in a quantum many-body system. It is shown that a gauge-like…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-05 A. L. Shelankov , J. Rammer