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Sign languages are multi-channel languages that communicate information through not just the hands (manual signals) but also facial expressions and upper body movements (non-manual signals). However, since automatic sign language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Jung-Ho Kim , Mathew Huerta-Enochian , Changyong Ko , Du Hui Lee

Automatic evaluation metrics are crucial for advancing sign language translation (SLT). Current SLT evaluation metrics, such as BLEU and ROUGE, are only text-based, and it remains unclear to what extent text-based metrics can reliably…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Shakib Yazdani , Yasser Hamidullah , Cristina España-Bonet , Eleftherios Avramidis , Josef van Genabith

We present a novel approach to learn representations for sentence-level semantic similarity using conversational data. Our method trains an unsupervised model to predict conversational input-response pairs. The resulting sentence embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Yinfei Yang , Steve Yuan , Daniel Cer , Sheng-yi Kong , Noah Constant , Petr Pilar , Heming Ge , Yun-Hsuan Sung , Brian Strope , Ray Kurzweil

Transformer-based pretrained language models (PLMs) offer unmatched performance across the majority of natural language understanding (NLU) tasks, including a body of question answering (QA) tasks. We hypothesize that improvements in QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Gabor Fuisz , Ivan Vulić , Samuel Gibbons , Inigo Casanueva , Paweł Budzianowski

Unsupervised pre-training is now the predominant approach for both text and speech understanding. Self-attention models pre-trained on large amounts of unannotated data have been hugely successful when fine-tuned on downstream tasks from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Ankur Bapna , Yu-an Chung , Nan Wu , Anmol Gulati , Ye Jia , Jonathan H. Clark , Melvin Johnson , Jason Riesa , Alexis Conneau , Yu Zhang

The advances in automatic sign language translation (SLT) to spoken languages have been mostly benchmarked with datasets of limited size and restricted domains. Our work advances the state of the art by providing the first baseline results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Laia Tarrés , Gerard I. Gállego , Amanda Duarte , Jordi Torres , Xavier Giró-i-Nieto

Self-supervised learning (SSL) for speech representation has been successfully applied in various downstream tasks, such as speech and speaker recognition. More recently, speech SSL models have also been shown to be beneficial in advancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Takanori Ashihara , Takafumi Moriya , Kohei Matsuura , Tomohiro Tanaka , Yusuke Ijima , Taichi Asami , Marc Delcroix , Yukinori Honma

Sign language is the preferred method of communication of deaf or mute people, but similar to any language, it is difficult to learn and represents a significant barrier for those who are hard of hearing or unable to speak. A person's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Neil Song , Yu Xiang

There is an undeniable communication barrier between deaf people and people with normal hearing ability. Although innovations in sign language translation technology aim to tear down this communication barrier, the majority of existing sign…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Biyi Fang , Jillian Co , Mi Zhang

Hand gesture-based Sign Language Recognition (SLR) serves as a crucial communication bridge between deaf and non-deaf individuals. While Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are common, they are limited by their reliance on fixed skeletal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Koki Hirooka , Abu Saleh Musa Miah , Tatsuya Murakami , Md. Al Mehedi Hasan , Yong Seok Hwang , Jungpil Shin

Nowadays, supervised deep learning techniques yield the best state-of-the-art prediction performances for a wide variety of computer vision tasks. However, such supervised techniques generally require a large amount of manually labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Florent Chiaroni , Mohamed-Cherif Rahal , Nicolas Hueber , Frederic Dufaux

In video dubbing, aligning translated audio with the source audio is a significant challenge. Our focus is on achieving this efficiently, tailored for real-time, on-device video dubbing scenarios. We developed a phoneme-based end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Harveen Singh Chadha , Aswin Shanmugam Subramanian , Vikas Joshi , Shubham Bansal , Jian Xue , Rupeshkumar Mehta , Jinyu Li

Recently, researchers have shown an increasing interest in automatically predicting the subjective evaluation for speech synthesis systems. This prediction is a challenging task, especially on the out-of-domain test set. In this paper, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-20 Zili Qi , Xinhui Hu , Wangjin Zhou , Sheng Li , Hao Wu , Jian Lu , Xinkang Xu

While Self-supervised Learning (SSL) has significantly improved Spoken Language Identification (LID), existing models often struggle to consistently classify dialects and accents of the same language as a unified class. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Qingzheng Wang , Hye-jin Shim , Jiancheng Sun , Shinji Watanabe

Linguistic knowledge plays a crucial role in spoken language comprehension. It provides essential semantic and syntactic context for speech perception in noisy environments. However, most speech enhancement (SE) methods predominantly rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Kuo-Hsuan Hung , Xugang Lu , Szu-Wei Fu , Huan-Hsin Tseng , Hsin-Yi Lin , Chii-Wann Lin , Yu Tsao

Multi-party dialogue generation presents significant challenges due to the complex interplay of multiple speakers and interwoven conversational threads. Traditional approaches often fall short in capturing these complexities, particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Tianyu Sun , Kun Qian , Wenhong Wang

The lack of labeled data is a common challenge in speech classification tasks, particularly those requiring extensive subjective assessment, such as cognitive state classification. In this work, we propose a Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Yuanchao Li , Zixing Zhang , Jing Han , Peter Bell , Catherine Lai

Recent studies demonstrate the effectiveness of Self Supervised Learning (SSL) speech representations for Speech Inversion (SI). However, applying SI in real-world scenarios remains challenging due to the pervasive presence of background…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Saba Tabatabaee , Carol Espy-Wilson

Spoken question answering (SQA) requires fine-grained understanding of both spoken documents and questions for the optimal answer prediction. In this paper, we propose novel training schemes for spoken question answering with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Chenyu You , Nuo Chen , Yuexian Zou

Though Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) proves effective by utilizing rich information from multiple sources (e.g., language, video, and audio), the potential sentiment-irrelevant and conflicting information across modalities may hinder…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Haoyu Zhang , Yu Wang , Guanghao Yin , Kejun Liu , Yuanyuan Liu , Tianshu Yu